日志未经声明，均为AlloVince原创。版权采用『 知识共享署名-非商业性使用 2.5 许可协议』进行许可。
最近工作环境切换到Mac，所以以OS X Yosemite（10.10.1）为例，记录一下从零开始安装Mac下LNMP环境的过程
确保系统已经安装xcode，然后使用一行命令安装依赖管理工具Homebrew
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"之后就可以使用
brew install FORMULA来安装所需要的依赖了。
brew（意为酿酒）的命名很有意思，全部都使用了酿酒过程中采用的材料/器具，名词对应以下的概念：
Formula（配方） 程序包定义，本质上是一个rb文件Keg（桶）程序包的安装路径Cellar（地窖）所有程序包（桶）的根目录Tap（水龙头）程序包的源Bottle （瓶子）编译打包好的程序包最终编译安装完毕的程序就是一桶酿造好的酒
更详细的信息参考Homebrew的官方Cookbook
因此使用Homebrew常见的流程是：
增加一个程序源（新增一个水龙头） brew tap homebrew/php更新程序源 brew update安装程序包（按照配方酿酒） brew install git查看配置 brew config 可以看到程序包默认安装在/usr/local/Cellar下 （酒桶放在地窖内）首先加入Homebrew官方的几个软件源
brew tap homebrew/dupes brew tap homebrew/versions brew tap homebrew/phpPHP如果采用默认配置安装，会编译mod_php模块并只运行在Apache环境下，为了使用Nginx，这里需要编译php-fpm并且禁用apache，主要通过参数--without-fpm --without-apache来实现。完整的安装指令为
brew install php56 \ --without-snmp \ --without-apache \ --with-debug \ --with-fpm \ --with-intl \ --with-homebrew-curl \ --with-homebrew-libxslt \ --with-homebrew-openssl \ --with-imap \ --with-mysql \ --with-tidy由于OSX已经自带了PHP环境，因此需要修改系统路径，优先运行brew安装的版本，在~/.bashrc里加入：
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"如果要安装新的php扩展，可以直接安装而不用每次重新编译php，所有的扩展可以通过
brew search php56看到，下面是我自己所需要的扩展，可以支持Phalcon框架：
brew install php56-gearman php56-msgpack php56-memcache php56-memcached php56-mongo php56-phalcon php56-redis php56-xdebug安装完毕后可以通过以下指令启动和停止php-fpm
php-fpm -D killall php-fpm同时可以将php-fpm加入开机启动
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/php56/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php56.plist安装完毕后可以通过
nginx nginx -s quit启动和关闭，同时也支持重载配置文件等操作
nginx -s reload|reopen|stop|quitnginx安装后默认监听8080端口，可以访问http://localhost:8080查看状态。如果要想监听80端口需要root权限，运行
sudo chown root:wheel /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.6.2/bin/nginx sudo chmod u+s /usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.6.2/bin/nginx并使用root权限启动
sudo nginx开机启动
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/nginx/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plistNginx一般都会运行多个域名，因此这里参考了@fish的方法，按Ubuntu的文件夹结构来存放Nginx的配置文件
mkdir -p /usr/local/var/logs/nginx mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-available mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/nginx/ssl编辑Nginx全局配置
vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf worker_processes 1; error_log /usr/local/var/logs/nginx/error.log debug; pid /usr/local/var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 256; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent ' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ' '"$http_x_forwarded_for" $host $request_time $upstream_response_time $scheme ' '$cookie_evalogin'; access_log /usr/local/var/logs/access.log main; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; port_in_redirect off; include /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; }这样一来首先可以把一些可复用配置独立出来放在/usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d下，比如fastcgi的设置就可以独立出来
vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm内容为
location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri = 404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; include /usr/local/etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf; }然后/usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled目录下可以一个文件对应一个域名的配置，比如web服务器目录是/opt/htdocs
vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default server { listen 80; server_name localhost; root /opt/htdocs/; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; include /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/php-fpm; } }此时启动了php-fpm并且启动了Nginx后，就可以通过http://localhost来运行php程序了
可以通过
mysql.server start mysql.server stop来启动／停止，启动后默认应为空密码，可以通过mysqladmin设置一个密码
mysqladmin -uroot password "mypassword"但是在操作的时候出现了空密码无法登入的情况，最终只能通过mysqld_safe来设置
sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables mysql -u root mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('mypassword') WHERE User='root'; mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;最后将MySQL加入开机启动
cp /usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.22/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/启动/停止指令
memcached -d killall memcached加入开机启动
cp /usr/local/Cellar/memcached/1.4.20/homebrew.mxcl.memcached.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/Redis默认配置文件不允许以Deamon方式运行，因此需要先修改配置文件
vim /usr/local/etc/redis.conf将daemonize修改为yes，然后载入配置文件即可实现后台进程启动
redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis.conf加入开机启动
cp /usr/local/Cellar/redis/2.8.19/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/最后可以对所有服务的启动停止设置别名方便操作
vim ~/.bash_profile加入
alias nginx.start='launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist' alias nginx.stop='launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.nginx.plist' alias nginx.restart='nginx.stop && nginx.start' alias php-fpm.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist" alias php-fpm.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist" alias php-fpm.restart='php-fpm.stop && php-fpm.start' alias mysql.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist" alias mysql.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mysql.plist" alias mysql.restart='mysql.stop && mysql.start' alias redis.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist" alias redis.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist" alias redis.restart='redis.stop && redis.start' alias memcached.start="launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.memcached.plist" alias memcached.stop="launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.memcached.plist" alias memcached.restart='memcached.stop && memcached.start'加入内容
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH然后
vim ~/.zshrc加入内容
fpath=(/usr/local/share/zsh-completions $fpath) autoload -Uz compinit compinit -u最后运行
rm -f ~/.zcompdump; compinit查看正在使用的shell
dscl localhost -read Local/Default/Users/$USER UserShell
安装Oh My Zsh
wget https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh -O - | sh
更多资料详情
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000000606752
