c++中的constconst

xiaoxiao2021-02-28  108

const修饰普通变量 const double PI = 3.14159f; 1 1 const修饰指针变量 double const *pPi = &PI; 1 1 const修饰指针变量指向的变量 const double *pPi = &PI; 1 1 const修饰类成员属性const修饰类成员函数,const成员函数内部不能调用非const修饰的成员函数,不过在不作修改的情况下可以调用非const的类成员属性 float PI = 2.14; float getPi() { PI += 1; return PI; } class CA { private: const int a; int b; public: CA() :a(1), b(2) {} int getA() const { // b++; // const函数不能修改非const类成员属性 int c = a+b; // const函数能调用非const类成员属性 getPi(); // const函数可以调用类外部非const函数 return a; } void getCA() // const // const函数内部不能调用非const类成员函数 { getA(); getB(); } int getB() { // a++; b += 2; return b; } }; void test() { CA ca; cout << "ca.getA() : " << ca.getA() << endl; cout << "ca.getB() : " << ca.getB() << endl; } 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748 const_cast的使用:  本段代码摘自Working Draft, Standard for Programming  Language C++ N4582 int i = 2; // not cv-qualified const int* cip; // pointer to const int cip = &i; // OK: cv-qualified access path to unqualified *cip = 4; // ill-formed: attempt to modify through ptr to const int* ip; ip = const_cast<int*>(cip); // cast needed to convert const int* to int* *ip = 4; // defined: *ip points to i, a non-const object const int* ciq = new const int (3); // initialized as required int* iq = const_cast<int*>(ciq); // cast required *iq = 4; // undefined: modifies a const object 12345678910 12345678910

结构良好的代码应该不需要使用const_cast的。用错了不会报编译错误时,出现与编译器相关的未定义运行错误,非常危险。

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