Spring MVC架构原理？原理篇
1、新建项目 File-New-Other,选择Dynamic web project
项目建好后的目录结构如下：
2、导入jar包 导入spring mvc框架需要的jar包 spring mvc常用jar包官方下载地址 commons-logging-1.1.1.jar下载地址 sqljdbc jar包（此为链接sql server的jdbc jar包） 将下载好的jar包copy到lib文件夹中
3、在WEB-INF下新建web.xml（前端控制器）、springmvc.xml(处理器映射器、视图解析器)配置文件
web.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <!-- 配置DispatchcerServlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app> springmvc.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.utility"></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置视图解析器 如何把handler 方法返回值解析为实际的物理视图 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name = "prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property> <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"></property> </bean> </beans>4、新建Handler（controller）、service、dao 此处可能有人会说，咦，我在com包下新建了一个包为啥没上下层级结构显示，表急再在com下新建一个包时就可以了
按照目录结构建好相关的包和类
BookingController.java package com.controller; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.utility.DBHelper; @Controller @RequestMapping("/Booking") public class BookingController { @Autowired private DBHelper dbhelper ; @RequestMapping("/getBooking") public ModelAndView getBooking() { List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); try { list = dbhelper.ExecuteResultSet("select * from [dbo].[Users]"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); StackTraceElement[] messages = e.getStackTrace(); int length = messages.length; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { System.out.println("ClassName:" + messages[i].getClassName()); System.out.println("getFileName:" + messages[i].getFileName()); System.out.println("getLineNumber:" + messages[i].getLineNumber()); System.out.println("getMethodName:" + messages[i].getMethodName()); System.out.println("toString:" + messages[i].toString()); } } return new ModelAndView("booking","list",list); } } BookingService.java package com.service; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.utility.DBHelper; @Service public class BookingService { @Autowired private DBHelper dbhelper; public List<Map<String,Object>> getStockList() { List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); try { list = dbhelper.ExecuteResultSet("SELECT * FROM dbo.Stock;"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return list; } } DBHelper.java package com.utility; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Properties; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class DBHelper { private static String driverName; private static String dbURL; private static String userName; private static String password; private static Connection connection; private static Statement statement; public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException { Connection conn =null; try { Properties prop = new Properties(); prop.load(DBHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("DB.properties")); driverName=prop.getProperty("driverName"); dbURL=prop.getProperty("dbURL"); userName=prop.getProperty("userName"); password=prop.getProperty("password"); Class.forName(driverName); conn =DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL, userName, password); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return conn; } /* * 释放资源 */ public static void releaseResources(ResultSet resultSet, Statement statement, Connection connection) { try { if (resultSet != null) resultSet.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { resultSet = null; try { if (statement != null) statement.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { statement = null; try { if (connection != null) connection.close(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { connection = null; } } } } public List<Map<String,Object>> ExecuteResultSet(String sql) throws SQLException { List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); ResultSet rs=null; try { connection = getConnection(); statement = connection.createStatement(); rs = statement.executeQuery(sql); ResultSetMetaData m=rs.getMetaData(); int count=m.getColumnCount(); while (rs.next()) { Map<String,Object> rowData=new HashMap<String, Object>(); for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) { Object value=rs.getObject(i)==null?"":rs.getObject(i); rowData.put(m.getColumnName(i), value); } list.add(rowData); } } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { releaseResources(rs, statement, connection); } return list; } /* * 更新操作 */ public void Execute(String sql) { try { connection = getConnection(); statement = connection.createStatement(); // 可执行创建、修改、删除表，添加、删除、修改元组以及查询sql语句 statement.execute(sql); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { releaseResources(null, statement, connection); } } } DB.properties数据库配置文件注意在SQL Server 配置管理器中开启TCP/IP 1433端口 driverName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver dbURL=jdbc:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;DatabaseName=ManagementWeb userName=sa password=vaecn78202215、新建index.jsp页面和views文件夹、booking.jsp页面
index.jsp <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h2>JAVA EE</h2> <a href="Booking/getBooking">getBooking</a> </body> </html> booking.jsp <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030" pageEncoding="GB18030"%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h1>booking</h1> ${list} <br> <c:forEach var="arry" items="${list}" > <tr> <td> <c:out value="${arry.User_UserID}" default="wang"/> </td> <td> <c:out value="${arry.User_Name}" default="wang"/> </td> </tr> </c:forEach> </body> </html>点击getBooking请求BookingController转发到/WEB-INF/views/booking.jsp页面
