当函数的参数不确定时,可以使用*args 和**kwargs,*args 没有key值,**kwargs有key值。
下面的参数中,farg只是一个普通的变量名
*args和**kwargs可以看做是C++中的指针和二级指针来使用。
*args代表list类型,也就是说,入口参数中,填入一个*args可以当做多个参数来使用
**kwars代表字典类型,在入口参数中使用一个**kwars可以当做多个“key-value数值对”来使用
def fun_var_args(farg, *args): print "arg:", farg for value in args: print "another arg:", value fun_var_args(1, "two", 3) # *args可以当作可容纳多个变量组成的list
result:
arg: 1 another arg: two another arg: 3
**kwargs:
def fun_var_kwargs(farg, **kwargs): print "arg:", farg for key in kwargs: print "another keyword arg: %s: %s" % (key, kwargs[key]) fun_var_kwargs(farg=1, myarg2="two", myarg3=3) # myarg2和myarg3被视为key, 感觉**kwargs可以当作容纳多个key和value的dictionary
result:
arg: 1 another keyword arg: myarg2: two another keyword arg: myarg3: 3
也可以用下面的形式:
def fun_var_args_call(arg1, arg2, arg3): print "arg1:", arg1 print "arg2:", arg2 print "arg3:", arg3 args = ["two", 3] #list fun_var_args_call(1, *args)
result:
arg1: 1 arg2: two arg3: 3
def fun_var_args_call(arg1, arg2, arg3): print "arg1:", arg1 print "arg2:", arg2 print "arg3:", arg3 kwargs = {"arg3": 3, "arg2": "two"} # dictionary fun_var_args_call(1, **kwargs)
result:
arg1: 1 arg2:"two" arg3:3
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import sys a=sys.argv[2] print(a)
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
附录是三个例子,args例子:
def f4(*args): print("f4...") print("type(args)",args) f4() print("-----------------------") f4(1) print("-----------------------") f4(1,2) print("-----------------------") f4(1,2,3,'a',[1,2,3])kwargs例子1:
def f5(**kwargs): print("f5...") print(type(kwargs),kwargs) f5() f5(name="旺财",age=20)
kwargs例子2:
def f7(**kwargs): print(kwargs) info={"sid":1,"sname":"老王","sage":20} f7(sid=info["sid"],sname=info["sname"],sage=info["sage"]) f7(**info)
