Swift 中的结构体 (Struct)

结构体的介绍

1.结构体（struct）是由一系列相同类型或者不同类型的数据构成的集合2.结构体指的是一种数据结构3.结构体是值类型，在方法中传递时时值传递4.OC 结构体 只能有属性 Swift 不但可以有属性还可以拥有自己的方法

定义结构体

//定义结构体 struct Location { //属性 var x : Double var y : Double }

创建结构体对应的值

var center = Location(x: 20, y: 30)

创建系统结构体方式

let rect = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 100) let size = CGSize(width: 100, height: 100) let point = CGPoint(x: 50, y: 50) let range = NSRange(location: 3, length: 5)

给结构体扩充方法

//定义结构体 struct Location { //属性 var x : Double var y : Double //方法 //最普通的函数，该函数没有改变成员属性 func test() { print("结构体中的函数"); } //改变成员属性: 如果在函数中修改了成员属性，那么该函数前必须加上 mutating mutating func moveH(disyance : Double) { self.x += disyance } }

给机构体扩充构造函数

1.默认情况下，系统会为每一个结构体提供一个默认的构造函数，并且该构造函数，要求给每一个成员属性进行赋值2.构造函数都是以 init 开头，并且构造函数不需要返回值3.在构造函数结束时，必须保证所有的成员属性都被初始化 //定义结构体 struct Location { //属性 var x : Double var y : Double //构造方法 init(x:Double,y:Double) { self.x = x self.y = y } //构造方法2 init(xyStr:String) { let arr = xyStr.components(separatedBy: ",") let x = arr[0] let y = arr[1] self.x = Double(x) ?? 0 self.y = Double(y) ?? 0 } }

创建&&输出

下面是一个通过定义几个 Struct 获取 App 信息 、设备信息的工具类。

import Foundation import UIKit import CoreTelephony //获取运行商需要导入 //App 相关信息 public struct AppDetail { //info,plist static let infoDic = Bundle.main.infoDictionary!; //bundle identifer static let bundleIdentifer = Bundle.main.bundleIdentifier! //version版本号 static let shortVersion = AppDetail.infoDic["CFBundleShortVersionString"]!; //build版本号 static let buildVersion = AppDetail.infoDic[String(kCFBundleVersionKey)]!; //app名称 static let AppName = AppDetail.infoDic[String(kCFBundleNameKey)]!; } //用户设备信息 public struct userDevice { //是否是IPhone static let isPhone = UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == UIUserInterfaceIdiom.phone; //是否是isPad static let isPad = UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == UIUserInterfaceIdiom.pad; //是否是isPad static let isAppleTV = UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == UIUserInterfaceIdiom.tv; //备唯一标识符 UUID static let deviceUUID = UIDevice.current.identifierForVendor!.uuidString; //设备的系统版本 static let deviceSystemVersion = UIDevice.current.systemVersion; //获取设备具体型号:(iphone 6s plus) static let deviceModelName = UIDevice.current.modelName; //设备的别名::用户定义的名称 static let userPhoneName = UIDevice.current.name; //运行商名称 static let carrierName = CTTelephonyNetworkInfo().subscriberCellularProvider!.carrierName ?? "无服务"; } //用户的屏幕尺寸 public struct deviceScreen { //屏幕的宽度 static let screenWidth = UIScreen.main.bounds.width; //屏幕的高度 static let screenHeight = UIScreen.main.bounds.height; } //MARK: - UIDevice延展 public extension UIDevice { var modelName: String { var systemInfo = utsname() uname(&systemInfo) let machineMirror = Mirror(reflecting: systemInfo.machine) let identifier = machineMirror.children.reduce("") { identifier, element in guard let value = element.value as? Int8, value != 0 else { return identifier } return identifier + String(UnicodeScalar(UInt8(value))) } switch identifier { case "iPod5,1": return "iPod Touch 5" case "iPod7,1": return "iPod Touch 6" case "iPhone3,1", "iPhone3,2", "iPhone3,3": return "iPhone 4" case "iPhone4,1": return "iPhone 4s" case "iPhone5,1", "iPhone5,2": return "iPhone 5" case "iPhone5,3", "iPhone5,4": return "iPhone 5c" case "iPhone6,1", "iPhone6,2": return "iPhone 5s" case "iPhone7,2": return "iPhone 6" case "iPhone7,1": return "iPhone 6 Plus" case "iPhone8,1": return "iPhone 6s" case "iPhone8,2": return "iPhone 6s Plus" case "iPhone8,4": return "iPhone SE" case "iPhone9,1": return "iPhone 7" case "iPhone9,2": return "iPhone 7 Plus" case "iPad2,1", "iPad2,2", "iPad2,3", "iPad2,4":return "iPad 2" case "iPad3,1", "iPad3,2", "iPad3,3": return "iPad 3" case "iPad3,4", "iPad3,5", "iPad3,6": return "iPad 4" case "iPad4,1", "iPad4,2", "iPad4,3": return "iPad Air" case "iPad5,3", "iPad5,4": return "iPad Air 2" case "iPad2,5", "iPad2,6", "iPad2,7": return "iPad Mini" case "iPad4,4", "iPad4,5", "iPad4,6": return "iPad Mini 2" case "iPad4,7", "iPad4,8", "iPad4,9": return "iPad Mini 3" case "iPad5,1", "iPad5,2": return "iPad Mini 4" case "iPad6,3", "iPad6,4": return "iPad Pro 9.7" case "iPad6,7", "iPad6,8": return "iPad Pro 12.9" case "AppleTV5,3": return "Apple TV" case "i386", "x86_64": return "Simulator" default: return identifier } } }