C# DataSet和DataTable详解(一)

xiaoxiao2026-09-21  4

2009-4-21 1、创建DataSet对象: DataSet ds = new DataSet("DataSetName"); 2、查看调用SqlDataAdapter.Fill创建的结构 da.Fill(ds,"Orders"); DataTable tbl = ds.Table[0]; foreach(DataColumn col in tbl.Columns) Console.WriteLine(col.ColumnName); 3、查看SqlDataAdapter返回的数据 ①、DataRow对象 DataTable tbl = ds.Table[0]; DataRow row = tbl.Row[0]; Console.WriteLine(ros["OrderID"]); ②、检查存储在DataRow中的数据 DataTable tbl = row.Table; foreach(DataColumn col in tbl.Columns) Console.WriteLine(row[col]); ③、检查DatTable中的DataRow对象 foreach(DataRow row in tbl.Rows) DisplayRow(row); 4、校验DataSet中的数据 ①、校验DataColumn的属性:ReadOnly,AllowDBNull,MaxLength,Unique ②、DataTable对象的Constrains集合:UiqueConstraints,Primarykey,ForeignkeyConstraints 通常不必刻意去创建ForeignkeyConstraints,因为当在DataSet的两个DataTable对象之间创建关系时会创建一个。 ③、用SqlDataAdapter.Fill模式来检索模式信息 5、编写代码创建DataTable对象 ①、创建DataTable对象:DataTable tbl = new DataTable("TableName"); ②、将DataTable添加到DataSet对象的Table集合 DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DataTable tbl = new DataTable("Customers"); ds.Tables.Add(tbl);   DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DataTable tbl = ds.Tables.Add("Customers"); DataTable对象只能存在于至多一个DataSet对象中。如果希望将DataTable添加到多个DataSet中,就必须使用Copy方法或Clone方法。Copy方法创建一个与原DataTable结构相同并且包含相同行的新DataTable;Clone方法创建一个与原DataTable结构相同,但没有包含任何行的新DataTable。 ③、为DataTable添加列 DataTable tbl = ds.Tables.Add("Orders"); DataColumn col =tbl.Columns.Add("OrderID",typeof(int)); col.AllowDBNull = false; col.MaxLength = 5; col.Unique = true; tbl.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn[]{tbl.Columns["CustomersID"]}; 当设置主键时,AllowDBNull自动设置为False; ④、处理自动增量列 DataSet ds = new DataSet(); DataTable tbl = ds.Tables.Add("Orders"); DataColumn col = tbl.Columns.Add("OrderID",typeof(int)); col.AutoIncrement = true; col.AutoIncrementSeed = -1; col.AutoIncrementStep = -1; col.ReadOnly = true; ⑤、添加基于表达式的列 tbl.Columns.Add("ItemTotal",typeof(Decimal),"Quantity*UnitPrice"); 6、修改DataTable内容 ①、添加新DataRow DataRow row = ds.Tables["Customers"].NewRow(); row["CustomerID"] = "ALFKI"; ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Add(row);   object[] aValues ={"ALFKI","Alfreds","Anders","030-22222"}; da.Tables["Customers"].LoadDataRow(aValues,false); ②、修改当前行 修改行的内容逼供内不会自动修改数据库中相应的内容,对行所做的修改被视为是随后将使用SqlDataAdapter对象来提交交给数据库的待定的更改。 DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Custoemrs"].Rows.Find("ANTON"); if(rowCustomer == null) //没有查找客户 else { rowCustomer["CompanyName"] ="NewCompanyName"; rowCustomer["ContactName"] ="NewContactName"; } //推荐使用这种方式 DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Custoemrs"].Rows.Find("ANTON"); if(rowCustomer == null) //没有查找客户 else { rowCustomer.BeginEdit(); rowCustomer["CompanyName"] ="NewCompanyName"; rowCustomer["ContactName"] ="NewContactName"; rowCustomer.EndEdit(); } //null表示不修改该列的数据 obejct[] aCustomer ={null,"NewCompanyName","NewContactName",null} DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer.ItemArray = aCustomer; ③、处理DataRow的空值 //查看是否为空 DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); if(rowCustomer.IsNull("Phone")) Console.WriteLine("It's Null"); else Console.WriteLine("It's not Null"); //赋予空值 rowCustomer["Phone"] = DBNull.Value; ④、删除DataRow DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer.Delete(); ⑤、清除DataRow DataRow rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer.ItemArray = aCustomer; da.Tables["Customers"].Remove(rowCustomer); 或者 ds.Tables["Customers"].RemoveAt(intIndex); ⑥、使用DataRow.RowState属性 :Unchanged,Detached,Added,Modified,Deleted private void DemonstrateRowState() { // Run a function to create a DataTable with one column. DataTable myTable = MakeTable();DataRow myRow; // Create a new DataRow. myRow = myTable.NewRow();// Detached row. Console.WriteLine("New Row " + myRow.RowState); myTable.Rows.Add(myRow);// New row. Console.WriteLine("AddRow " + myRow.RowState); myTable.AcceptChanges();// Unchanged row. Console.WriteLine("AcceptChanges " + myRow.RowState); myRow["FirstName"] = "Scott";// Modified row. Console.WriteLine("Modified " + myRow.RowState); myRow.Delete();// Deleted row. Console.WriteLine("Deleted " + myRow.RowState);} ⑦、检查DataRow中的挂起更改 DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer["CompanyName"] = "NewCompanyName"; string strNewCompanyName,strOldCompanyName; Console.WriteLine(rowCustomer["CompanyName",DataRowVersion.Current]); Console.WriteLine(rowCustomer["CompanyName",DataRowVersion.Original]); 相关资源:C#中DataSet的用法(很详细)
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