1、写hibernate的配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml，包含数据库相关信息
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate_first</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.password">1234</property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property> // console 输出sql语句 <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> // 作用于5中的工具类，没变化的表不重新更新
<mapping resource="com/bjsxt/hibernate/User.hbm.xml"/> // 后加入 </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>
配置log4j（最后有源码）
2、写实体类
import java.util.Date;
public class User { private String id; private String name; private String password; private Date createTime; private Date expireTime;
...
}
3、写类的映射文件User.hbml.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.bjsxt.hibernate.User"> <id name="id"> <generator class="uuid"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <property name="password"/> <property name="createTime"/> <property name="expireTime"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
4、将User.hbml.xml文件加入到hibernate.cfg.xml文件中
5、编写hbm2ddl工具类，将实体类生成数据库表
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
public class ExportDB { public static void main(String[] args) { Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();// 加入configure()表示读取.xml格式的配置文件 SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);// 工具类，通过类生成表 export.create(true, true); // param1:print DDL to console param2:export script to database }}
6、开发客户端
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) { Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
// 重量级对象 SessionFactory factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(); Session session = null; try {
// 这里的open并不代表打开一个connection。在需要时，会到连接池里拿connection session = factory.openSession(); User user = new User(); user.setName("Jack"); user.setPassword("123"); user.setCreateTime(new Date()); user.setExpireTime(new Date()); session.beginTransaction(); session.save(user); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); } finally { if (session != null) { if (session.isOpen()) { session.close(); } } } }
}
附1：hibernate 摸版
######################### Query Language #########################
## define query language constants / function names
hibernate.query.substitutions yes 'Y', no 'N'
## select the classic query parser
#hibernate.query.factory_class org.hibernate.hql.classic.ClassicQueryTranslatorFactory
#################### Platforms ####################
## JNDI Datasource
#hibernate.connection.datasource jdbc/test#hibernate.connection.username db2#hibernate.connection.password db2
## HypersonicSQL
hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialecthibernate.connection.driver_class org.hsqldb.jdbcDriverhibernate.connection.username sahibernate.connection.passwordhibernate.connection.url jdbc:hsqldb:./build/db/hsqldb/hibernate#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:hsqldb:test
## H2 (www.h2database.com)#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class org.h2.Driver#hibernate.connection.username sa#hibernate.connection.password#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:h2:mem:./build/db/h2/hibernate#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:h2:testdb/h2test#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:h2:mem:imdb1#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:h2:tcp://dbserv:8084/sample; #hibernate.connection.url jdbc:h2:ssl://secureserv:8085/sample; #hibernate.connection.url jdbc:h2:ssl://secureserv/testdb;cipher=AES
## MySQL
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLMyISAMDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.mysql.jdbc.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mysql:///test#hibernate.connection.username gavin#hibernate.connection.password
## Oracle
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver#hibernate.connection.username ora#hibernate.connection.password ora#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1522:XE
## PostgreSQL
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class org.postgresql.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:postgresql:template1#hibernate.connection.username pg#hibernate.connection.password
## DB2
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver#hibernate.connection.driver_class COM.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:db2://localhost:50000/somename#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:db2:somename#hibernate.connection.username db2#hibernate.connection.password db2
## TimesTen
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.TimesTenDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.timesten.jdbc.TimesTenDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:timesten:direct:test#hibernate.connection.username#hibernate.connection.password
## DB2/400
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.DB2400Dialect#hibernate.connection.username user#hibernate.connection.password password
## Native driver#hibernate.connection.driver_class COM.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:db2://systemname
## Toolbox driver#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.ibm.as400.access.AS400JDBCDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:as400://systemname
## Derby (not supported!)
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.DerbyDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver#hibernate.connection.username#hibernate.connection.password#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:derby:build/db/derby/hibernate;create=true
## Sybase
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.SybaseDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.sybase.jdbc2.jdbc.SybDriver#hibernate.connection.username sa#hibernate.connection.password sasasa#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:sybase:Tds:co3061835-a:5000/tempdb
## Mckoi SQL
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MckoiDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.mckoi.JDBCDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mckoi:///#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mckoi:local://C:/mckoi1.0.3/db.conf#hibernate.connection.username admin#hibernate.connection.password nimda
## SAP DB
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.SAPDBDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.sap.dbtech.jdbc.DriverSapDB#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:sapdb://localhost/TST#hibernate.connection.username TEST#hibernate.connection.password TEST#hibernate.query.substitutions yes 'Y', no 'N'
## MS SQL Server
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect#hibernate.connection.username sa#hibernate.connection.password sa
## JSQL Driver#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.jnetdirect.jsql.JSQLDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:JSQLConnect://1E1/test
## JTURBO Driver#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.newatlanta.jturbo.driver.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:JTurbo://1E1:1433/test
## WebLogic Driver#hibernate.connection.driver_class weblogic.jdbc.mssqlserver4.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:weblogic:mssqlserver4:1E1:1433
## Microsoft Driver (not recommended!)#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://1E1;DatabaseName=test;SelectMethod=cursor
## The New Microsoft Driver #hibernate.connection.driver_class com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:sqlserver://localhost
## jTDS (since version 0.9)#hibernate.connection.driver_class net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://1E1/test
## Interbase
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.InterbaseDialect#hibernate.connection.username sysdba#hibernate.connection.password masterkey
## DO NOT specify hibernate.connection.sqlDialect
## InterClient
#hibernate.connection.driver_class interbase.interclient.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:interbase://localhost:3060/C:/firebird/test.gdb
## Pure Java
#hibernate.connection.driver_class org.firebirdsql.jdbc.FBDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:firebirdsql:localhost/3050:/firebird/test.gdb
## Pointbase
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.PointbaseDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.pointbase.jdbc.jdbcUniversalDriver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:pointbase:embedded:sample#hibernate.connection.username PBPUBLIC#hibernate.connection.password PBPUBLIC
## Ingres
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.IngresDialect #hibernate.connection.driver_class ca.edbc.jdbc.EdbcDriver #hibernate.connection.url jdbc:edbc://localhost:II7/database #hibernate.connection.username user #hibernate.connection.password password
## Mimer SQL
#hibernate.dialect org.hibernate.dialect.MimerSQLDialect#hibernate.connection.driver_class com.mimer.jdbc.Driver#hibernate.connection.url jdbc:mimer:multi1#hibernate.connection.username hibernate#hibernate.connection.password hibernate
#################################### Hibernate Connection Pool ####################################
hibernate.connection.pool_size 1
############################## C3P0 Connection Pool##############################
#hibernate.c3p0.max_size 2#hibernate.c3p0.min_size 2#hibernate.c3p0.timeout 5000#hibernate.c3p0.max_statements 100#hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period 3000#hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment 2#hibernate.c3p0.validate false
################################# Proxool Connection Pool#################################
## Properties for external configuration of Proxool
hibernate.proxool.pool_alias pool1
## Only need one of the following
#hibernate.proxool.existing_pool true#hibernate.proxool.xml proxool.xml#hibernate.proxool.properties proxool.properties
#################################### Plugin ConnectionProvider ####################################
## use a custom ConnectionProvider (if not set, Hibernate will choose a built-in ConnectionProvider using hueristics)
#hibernate.connection.provider_class org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider#hibernate.connection.provider_class org.hibernate.connection.DatasourceConnectionProvider#hibernate.connection.provider_class org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider#hibernate.connection.provider_class org.hibernate.connection.ProxoolConnectionProvider
########################## Transaction API ##########################
## Enable automatic flush during the JTA beforeCompletion() callback## (This setting is relevant with or without the Transaction API)
#hibernate.transaction.flush_before_completion
## Enable automatic session close at the end of transaction## (This setting is relevant with or without the Transaction API)
#hibernate.transaction.auto_close_session
## the Transaction API abstracts application code from the underlying JTA or JDBC transactions
#hibernate.transaction.factory_class org.hibernate.transaction.JTATransactionFactory#hibernate.transaction.factory_class org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransactionFactory
## to use JTATransactionFactory, Hibernate must be able to locate the UserTransaction in JNDI## default is java:comp/UserTransaction## you do NOT need this setting if you specify hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class
#jta.UserTransaction jta/usertransaction#jta.UserTransaction javax.transaction.UserTransaction#jta.UserTransaction UserTransaction
## to use the second-level cache with JTA, Hibernate must be able to obtain the JTA TransactionManager
#hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class org.hibernate.transaction.JBossTransactionManagerLookup#hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class org.hibernate.transaction.WeblogicTransactionManagerLookup#hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class org.hibernate.transaction.WebSphereTransactionManagerLookup#hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class org.hibernate.transaction.OrionTransactionManagerLookup#hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class org.hibernate.transaction.ResinTransactionManagerLookup
################################# Miscellaneous Settings #################################
## print all generated SQL to the console
#hibernate.show_sql true
## format SQL in log and console
hibernate.format_sql true
## add comments to the generated SQL
#hibernate.use_sql_comments true
## generate statistics
#hibernate.generate_statistics true
## auto schema export
#hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto create-drop#hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto create#hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto update#hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto validate
## specify a default schema and catalog for unqualified tablenames
#hibernate.default_schema test#hibernate.default_catalog test
## enable ordering of SQL UPDATEs by primary key
#hibernate.order_updates true
## set the maximum depth of the outer join fetch tree
hibernate.max_fetch_depth 1
## set the default batch size for batch fetching
#hibernate.default_batch_fetch_size 8
## rollback generated identifier values of deleted entities to default values
#hibernate.use_identifer_rollback true
## enable bytecode reflection optimizer (disabled by default)
#hibernate.bytecode.use_reflection_optimizer true
######################## JDBC Settings ########################
## specify a JDBC isolation level
#hibernate.connection.isolation 4
## enable JDBC autocommit (not recommended!)
#hibernate.connection.autocommit true
## set the JDBC fetch size
#hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size 25
## set the maximum JDBC 2 batch size (a nonzero value enables batching)
#hibernate.jdbc.batch_size 5#hibernate.jdbc.batch_size 0
## enable batch updates even for versioned data
hibernate.jdbc.batch_versioned_data true
## enable use of JDBC 2 scrollable ResultSets (specifying a Dialect will cause Hibernate to use a sensible default)
#hibernate.jdbc.use_scrollable_resultset true
## use streams when writing binary types to / from JDBC
hibernate.jdbc.use_streams_for_binary true
## use JDBC 3 PreparedStatement.getGeneratedKeys() to get the identifier of an inserted row
#hibernate.jdbc.use_get_generated_keys false
## choose a custom JDBC batcher
# hibernate.jdbc.factory_class
## enable JDBC result set column alias caching ## (minor performance enhancement for broken JDBC drivers)
# hibernate.jdbc.wrap_result_sets
## choose a custom SQL exception converter
#hibernate.jdbc.sql_exception_converter
############################# Second-level Cache #############################
## optimize chache for minimal "puts" instead of minimal "gets" (good for clustered cache)
#hibernate.cache.use_minimal_puts true
## set a prefix for cache region names
hibernate.cache.region_prefix hibernate.test
## disable the second-level cache
#hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache false
## enable the query cache
#hibernate.cache.use_query_cache true
## store the second-level cache entries in a more human-friendly format
#hibernate.cache.use_structured_entries true
## choose a cache implementation
#hibernate.cache.provider_class org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider#hibernate.cache.provider_class org.hibernate.cache.EmptyCacheProviderhibernate.cache.provider_class org.hibernate.cache.HashtableCacheProvider#hibernate.cache.provider_class org.hibernate.cache.TreeCacheProvider#hibernate.cache.provider_class org.hibernate.cache.OSCacheProvider#hibernate.cache.provider_class org.hibernate.cache.SwarmCacheProvider
## choose a custom query cache implementation
#hibernate.cache.query_cache_factory
############### JNDI ###############
## specify a JNDI name for the SessionFactory
#hibernate.session_factory_name hibernate/session_factory
## Hibernate uses JNDI to bind a name to a SessionFactory and to look up the JTA UserTransaction;## if hibernate.jndi.* are not specified, Hibernate will use the default InitialContext() which## is the best approach in an application server
#file system#hibernate.jndi.class com.sun.jndi.fscontext.RefFSContextFactory#hibernate.jndi.url file:/
#WebSphere#hibernate.jndi.class com.ibm.websphere.naming.WsnInitialContextFactory#hibernate.jndi.url iiop://localhost:900/
附2 log4j 摸版
### direct log messages to stdout ###log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.outlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file hibernate.log ####log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=infolog4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug
### log HQL query parser activity#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug
### log just the SQL#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug
### log JDBC bind parameters ###log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug
### log schema export/update ###log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug
### log HQL parse trees#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug
### log cache activity ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug
### log transaction activity#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug
### log JDBC resource acquisition#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug
### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace
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