1.FPM安装

#FPM安装 yum -y install ruby rubygems ruby-devel #外国的源慢,换国内源 gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.com/ --remove http://rubygems.org/ # 安装fpm，gem从rubygem仓库安装软件类似yum从yum仓库安装软件。首先安装低版本的json，高版本的json需要ruby2.0以上，然后安装低版本的fpm，够用。 #Centos6安装 gem install json -v 1.8.3 gem install fpm -v 1.3.3 #Centos7安装 gem install fpm

2.FPM参数

-s 指定源类型 -t 指定目标类型，即想要制作为什么包 -n 指定包的名字 -v 指定包的版本号 -C 指定打包的相对路径 -d 指定依赖于哪些包 -f 第二次打包时目录下如果有同名安装包存在，则覆盖它 -p 输出的安装包的目录，不想放在当前目录下就需要指定 --post-install 软件包安装完成之后所要运行的脚本；同--after-install --pre-install 软件包安装完成之前所要运行的脚本；同--before-install --post-uninstall 软件包卸载完成之后所要运行的脚本；同--after-remove --pre-uninstall 软件包卸载完成之前所要运行的脚本；同--before-remove

3.实战：编译安装nginx，利用FPM打包

#安装nginx yum install gcc pcre-devel openssl-devel -y useradd nginx -M -s /sbin/nologin mkdir /application /src cd /src wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz tar xf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz cd nginx-1.6.3 ./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.6.3 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module make && make install ln -s /application/nginx-1.6.3/ /application/nginx mkdir /scripts /my_rpm cat>>/scripts/nginx_rpm.sh<<EOF #!/bin/bash useradd nginx -M -s /sbin/nologin ln -s /application/nginx-1.6.3/ /application/nginx EOF cd /my_rpm fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.6.3 -d 'pcre-devel,openssl-devel' --post-install /scripts/nginx_rpm.sh -f /application/nginx-1.6.3/ #报错：Need executable 'rpmbuild' to convert dir to rpm {:level=>:error} yum install rpm-build -y [root@zon161 my_rpm]# ll -h total 2.3M -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2.3M Oct 25 01:05 nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm

4.测试安装rpm包

#rpm命令安装 [root@zon162 ~]# rpm -ivh nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm error: Failed dependencies: pcre-devel is needed by nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64 openssl-devel is needed by nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64 报如上依赖错误，需要先yum安装依赖才能安装rpm包。 #yum命令安装rpm包 [root@zon162 ~]# yum -y localinstall nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm

注意事项

1.路径问题

# 相对路径 [root@zon161 my_rpm]# cd /application/nginx/ [root@zon161 nginx]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.6.3 . Created package {:path=>"nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm"} [root@zon161 nginx]# rpm -qpl nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm /client_body_temp /conf/fastcgi.conf /conf/fastcgi.conf.default /conf/fastcgi_params /conf/fastcgi_params.default /conf/koi-utf /conf/koi-win /conf/mime.types /conf/mime.types.default /conf/nginx.conf /conf/nginx.conf.default /conf/scgi_params /conf/scgi_params.default /conf/uwsgi_params /conf/uwsgi_params.default /conf/win-utf /fastcgi_temp /html/50x.html /html/index.html /logs/access.log /logs/error.log /logs/nginx.pid /proxy_temp /sbin/nginx /scgi_temp /uwsgi_temp ########################### # 绝对路径 [root@zon161 ~]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.6.3 /application/nginx-1.6.3 Created package {:path=>"nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm"} [root@zon161 ~]# rpm -qpl nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm /application/nginx-1.6.3/client_body_temp /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/fastcgi.conf /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/fastcgi.conf.default /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/fastcgi_params /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/fastcgi_params.default /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/koi-utf /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/koi-win /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/mime.types /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/mime.types.default /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/nginx.conf /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/nginx.conf.default /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/scgi_params /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/scgi_params.default /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/uwsgi_params /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/uwsgi_params.default /application/nginx-1.6.3/conf/win-utf /application/nginx-1.6.3/fastcgi_temp /application/nginx-1.6.3/html/50x.html /application/nginx-1.6.3/html/index.html /application/nginx-1.6.3/logs/access.log /application/nginx-1.6.3/logs/error.log /application/nginx-1.6.3/logs/nginx.pid /application/nginx-1.6.3/nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm /application/nginx-1.6.3/proxy_temp /application/nginx-1.6.3/sbin/nginx /application/nginx-1.6.3/scgi_temp /application/nginx-1.6.3/uwsgi_temp ############################# #使用rpm -qpl 命令可以查看rpm包的内容。 #注：fpm类似tar打包一样，只是fpm打的包能够被yum命令识别而已。

2. 软链接问题

[root@zon161 ~]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.6.3 /application/nginx File already exists, refusing to continue: nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm {:level=>:fatal} #报错是因为当前目录存在同名的rpm包，可以使用-f参数强制覆盖。 [root@zon161 ~]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.6.3 -f /application/nginx Force flag given. Overwriting package at nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm {:level=>:warn} Created package {:path=>"nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm"} #打包成功，但查看实际内容是个软链接文件 [root@zon161 ~]# rpm -qpl nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm /application/nginx #根本原因在于结尾的/，类似rm删除软链接目录 [root@zon161 ~]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n nginx -v 1.6.3 -f /application/nginx/ Force flag given. Overwriting package at nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm {:level=>:warn} Created package {:path=>"nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm"} [root@zon161 ~]# rpm -qpl nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm /application/nginx/client_body_temp /application/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf /application/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default /application/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params /application/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default /application/nginx/conf/koi-utf /application/nginx/conf/koi-win /application/nginx/conf/mime.types /application/nginx/conf/mime.types.default /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default /application/nginx/conf/scgi_params /application/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default /application/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params /application/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default /application/nginx/conf/win-utf /application/nginx/fastcgi_temp /application/nginx/html/50x.html /application/nginx/html/index.html /application/nginx/logs/access.log /application/nginx/logs/error.log /application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid /application/nginx/nginx-1.6.3-1.x86_64.rpm /application/nginx/proxy_temp /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /application/nginx/scgi_temp /application/nginx/uwsgi_temp

定制LNMP的RPM包思路

编译安装好nginx，mysql，php，此处有个问题，就是php的大部分依赖环境是通过yum安装的，但有一个libiconv-1.14.tar.gz包需要编译安装,安装时已经指定了安装目录，只需一同打包即可。

还有一个问题，就是mysql这个目录比较大，用fpm打包耗时长。平时我们有可能需要对nginx或php做优化，这样又得重新打包。因此我们可以将mysql分离出来，分别打包。只需在制作nginx+php的rpm包时添加mysql的依赖即可。

# 参考命令 [root@web2 ~]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n web2 -v 1.1 \ --description 'lnmp.cms,bbs.blog' \ -d ‘libxslt-devel,nfs-utils,rpcbind,mysql,libmcrypt-devel,mhash,mhash-devel,mcrypt' \ --post-install /server/scripts/lnmp-init.sh \ /application /usr/local/libiconv/ /app/logs/ /data0/ /server/

参考：http://www.zyops.com/autodeploy-rpm/