1.SpringMVC和struts2都属于表现层的框架，它是Spring框架的一部分，SpringMVC是Spring框架的一个模块。整体结构如下 2.SpringMVC框架 –.前端控制器 DispatcherServlet 作用:接受请求参数，相应结果，相当于转发器，不需要程序员开发，有了DispatcherServlet减少了其他组件之间的耦合度; –处理器映射器 HandlerMapping 作用:根据请求的url查找Handler –处理器适配器HandlerAdapter 作用：按照特定规则去执行Handler –处理器Handler 作用：编写时按照HandlerAdapter的要求，这样适配器才能正确执行Handler –.视图解析器ViewResolver 作用：进行视图解析，根据逻辑视图名解析成真正的视图 3.搭建环境 -》导入jar包
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency>-》配置前端控制器(web.xml)
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <!-- springmvc前端控制器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 解决post传参乱码问题 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>-》配置处理器适配器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!--开启注解扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc"/> <!--配置注解的映射器和适配器--> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--处理器映射器(查找Handler)--> <!-- <bean name="/user.action" class="com.mvc.controller.UserController"></bean> --> <!-- 配置处理器适配器（执行Handler，并返回ModelAndView） --> <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean> --> <!-- 配置视图解析器，解析jsp，默认使用jstl标签，需要导入jstl的jar包--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!--设置前缀和后缀--> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>-》编写实体类User，UserEx
public class User { private int id; private String name; private int age; 。。。 } public class UserEx { private int eid; private User user; 。。。 }-》编写Handler(UserController)
@Controller public class UserController{ //当请求为show.action，并且是POST请求时，才会执行下面的方法 @RequestMapping(value = "/show.action",method = RequestMethod.POST) public ModelAndView show(UserEx user){ List<UserEx> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(user); System.out.println(list.toString()); ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(); mav.addObject("userList", list); mav.setViewName("user"); return mav; } //可以选择使用重定向或者转发 @RequestMapping("/show2.action") public void Show2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { List<UserEx> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(new UserEx(1,new User(2,"?",15))); System.out.println(list.toString()); request.setAttribute("userList",list); request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/user.jsp").forward(request,response); } //和show1类似，需要使用Model类保存信息 @RequestMapping("/show3.action") public String show3(Model model){ List<UserEx> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(new UserEx(3,new User(4,"✋",45))); System.out.println(list.toString()); model.addAttribute("userList", list); return "user"; } //Rest风格 @RequestMapping("/show4/{id}/{name}.action") public String show4(@PathVariable int id, Model model,@PathVariable String name) { System.out.println(id); List<UserEx> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(new UserEx(3,new User(4,"?",45))); System.out.println(list.toString()); model.addAttribute("userList", list); return "user"; } }-》测试
index.jsp <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@page isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <form action="show.action" method="post"> id:<input type="text" name="eid"/><br> ID:<input type="text" name="user.id"/><br> Name:<input type="text" name="user.name"/><br> Age:<input type="text" name="user.age"></br> <input type="submit"value="提交"> </form> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/show4/4396/tom.action">伪静态</a> </body> </html> user.jsp <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <%@page isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>用户信息</h1> <hr> <table border="1" width="80%" align="center"> <tr> <td>id</td> <th>ID</th> <th>姓名</th> <th>年龄</th> </tr> <c:forEach var="user" items="${userList}"> <tr> <td>${user.eid}</td> <td>${user.user.id}</td> <td>${user.user.name}</td> <td>${user.user.age}</td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> </body> </html>web目录
