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本案例要求配置yum源并安装Docker：
准备两台虚拟机，IP为192.168.1.10和192.168.1.20安装docker-engine 和 docker-engine-selinux关闭防火墙实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一：配置yum源
1）配置第三方yum源（真机操作）
[root@room9pc01 ~]# mkdir /var/ftp/docker[root@room9pc01 ~]# mv docker-engine-* /var/ftp/docker[root@room9pc01 ~]# ls /var/ftp/dockerdocker-engine-1.12.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpmdocker-engine-selinux-1.12.1-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm[root@room9pc01 ~]# createrepo /var/ftp/docker/Spawning worker 0 with 1 pkgsSpawning worker 1 with 1 pkgsSpawning worker 2 with 0 pkgsSpawning worker 3 with 0 pkgsSpawning worker 4 with 0 pkgsSpawning worker 5 with 0 pkgsWorkers FinishedSaving Primary metadataSaving file lists metadataSaving other metadataGenerating sqlite DBsSqlite DBs complete2）配置IP（虚拟机配置静态ip）docker1和docker2主机同样操作
[root@localhost ~]# echo docker1 > /etc/hostname[root@localhost ~]# hostname docker1[root@localhost ~]# echo docker2 > /etc/hostname[root@localhost ~]# hostname docker2[root@docker1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0# Generated by dracut initrdDEVICE="eth0"ONBOOT="yes"IPV6INIT="no"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"NM_CONTROLLED="no"TYPE="Ethernet"BOOTPROTO="static"IPADDR="192.168.1.10"PREFIX=24GATEWAY=192.168.1.254[root@docker1 ~]# systemctl restart network [root@docker2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0# Generated by dracut initrdDEVICE="eth0"ONBOOT="yes"IPV6INIT="no"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"NM_CONTROLLED="no"TYPE="Ethernet"BOOTPROTO="static"IPADDR="192.168.1.20"PREFIX=24GATEWAY=192.168.1.254[root@docker1 ~]# systemctl restart network3）配置yum客户端（docker1和docker2主机同样操作）
[root@docker1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo[local_repo]name=CentOS-$releasever - Basebaseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/system"enabled=1gpgcheck=1 [loca]name=localbaseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/docker"enabled=1gpgcheck=0 [root@docker2 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo[local_repo]name=CentOS-$releasever - Basebaseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/system"enabled=1gpgcheck=1 [loca]name=localbaseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/docker"enabled=1gpgcheck=04）安装docker（docker1和docker2主机同样操作）
[root@docker1 ~]# yum -y install docker-engine[root@docker1 ~]# systemctl restart docker[root@docker1 ~]# systemctl enable docker[root@docker1 ~]# ifconfig //有docker0说明环境部署完成docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0ether 02:42:3e:e7:3f:6e txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0[root@docker2 ~]# docker version //查看版本 [root@docker2 ~]# yum -y install docker-engine[root@docker2 ~]# systemctl restart docker[root@docker2 ~]# systemctl enable docker[root@docker2 ~]# ifconfig //有docker0说明环境部署完成docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0ether 02:42:53:82:b9:d4 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0[root@docker2 ~]# docker version //查看版本本案例要求熟悉镜像的基本操作：
导入镜像导出镜像启动镜像实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一：docker镜像
1）下载镜像
[root@docker1 ~]# docker pull busyboxUsing default tag: latestlatest: Pulling from library/busybox8c5a7da1afbc: Pull completeDigest: sha256:cb63aa0641a885f54de20f61d152187419e8f6b159ed11a251a09d115fdff9bdStatus: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest2）上传镜像
[root@docker1 ~]# docker push busybox3）查看镜像
[root@docker1 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEbusybox latest e1ddd7948a1c 4 weeks ago 1.163 MB4）查找busybox镜像
[root@docker1 ~]# docker search busybox5）导出busybox镜像为busybox.tar
[root@docker1 ~]# docker save busybox:latest >busybox.tar[root@docker1 ~]# lsbusybox.tar6）导入镜像
[root@docker1 ~]# scp busybox.tar 192.168.1.20:/root[root@docker2 ~]# lsbusybox.tar[root@docker2 ~]# docker load <busybox.tarf9d9e4e6e2f0: Loading layer [==================================================>] 1.378 MB/1.378 MBLoaded image: busybox:latest[=> ] 32.77 kB/1.378 MB[root@docker2 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEbusybox latest e1ddd7948a1c 4 weeks ago 1.163 MB7）删除镜像
[root@docker2 ~]# docker rmi busyboxUntagged: busybox:latestDeleted: sha256:e1ddd7948a1c31709a23cc5b7dfe96e55fc364f90e1cebcde0773a1b5a30dcdaDeleted: sha256:f9d9e4e6e2f0689cd752390e14ade48b0ec6f2a488a05af5ab2f9ccaf54c299d步骤二：一次性导入多个镜像
[root@docker1 ~]# yum -y install unzip[root@docker1 ~]# unzip docker_images.zipArchive: docker_images.zipcreating: docker_images/inflating: docker_images/nginx.tarinflating: docker_images/redis.tarinflating: docker_images/centos.tarinflating: docker_images/registry.tarinflating: docker_images/ubuntu.tar[root@docker1 ~]# lsbusybox.tar docker_images docker_images.zip eip[root@docker1 ~]# cd docker_images[root@docker1 docker_images]# lscentos.tar nginx.tar redis.tar registry.tar ubuntu.tar[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEbusybox latest e1ddd7948a1c 4 weeks ago 1.163 MB[root@docker1 docker_images]# for i in *; do docker load <$i; done导入多个镜像如图-1所示：
图-1
步骤三：启动镜像
1）启动centos镜像生成一个容器
启动镜像时若不知道后面的命令加什么:
1、可以猜（如：/bin/bash、/bin/sh）
2、可以不加后面的命令，默认启动
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash[root@7a652fc72a9f /]# ls /anaconda-post.log bin dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var[root@7a652fc72a9f /]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[root@7a652fc72a9f yum.repos.d]# lsCentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repoCentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo[root@7a652fc72a9f yum.repos.d]# rm -rf C*[root@7a652fc72a9f yum.repos.d]# ls[root@7a652fc72a9f yum.repos.d]#vi dvd.repo //在容器里面配置一个yum源[local]name=localbaseurl=ftp://192.168.1.254/systemenable=1gpgcheck=0[root@7a652fc72a9f yum.repos.d]# yum -y install net-tools //安装软件[root@7a652fc72a9f yum.repos.d]# exitexit本案例要求掌握镜像与容器的常用命令：
镜像常用指令练习容器常用指令练习实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
步骤一：镜像常用命令
1）查看后台运行的容器
[root@docker1 ~]# docker run -d nginx //启动nginx的镜像[root@docker1 ~]# docker ps //查看后台运行的容器CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES56ec8154f8e0 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon off" 17 minutes ago Up 12 minutes 80/tcp, 443/tcp zen_darwin2）只显示容器ID
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker ps -q56ec8154f8e085c6b0b62235f7ee40a87af53）显示所有的容器,包括没有启动的
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker ps -a4）显示所有的容器ID
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker ps -qa56ec8154f8e02b68c396073785c6b0b62235f7ee40a87af5b261be571648fb2fb8c3d7a85）查看centos镜像历史（制作过程），如图-2所示：
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker history centos图-2
7）删除镜像，启动容器时删除镜像会失败，先删除容器,再删除镜像
格式：docker rmi 镜像名
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker rmi nginx //nginx为镜像名 Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference "nginx" (must force) - container 4f83871aa42e is using its referenced image a5311a310510 //删除时报错[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker stop 4f4f[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker rm 4f4f[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker rmi nginx //成功删除Untagged: nginx:latestDeleted: sha256:d1fd7d86a8257f3404f92c4474fb3353076883062d64a09232d95d940627459dDeleted: sha256:4d765aea84ce4f56bd623e4fd38dec996a259af3418e2466d0e2067ed0ae8aa6Deleted: sha256:5d385be69c9c4ce5538e12e6e677727ebf19ca0afaff6f035d8043b5e413003aDeleted: sha256:adb712878b60bd7ed8ce661c91eb3ac30f41b67bfafed321395863051596a8e9Deleted: sha256:55a50a618c1b76f784b0b68a0b3d70db93b353fb03227ea6bd87f794cad92917Deleted: sha256:e53f74215d12318372e4412d0f0eb3908e17db25c6185f670db49aef5271f91f8）修改镜像的名称和标签,默认标签为latest
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker tag centos:latest cen:v19）查看镜像的底层信息，如图-3所示：
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker inspect centos图-3
10）修改镜像的标签
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker tag centos:latest cen:v1[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEcen v1 e934aafc2206 5 months ago 198.6 MB[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker rmi centos //删除centos[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos//启动的时候，因为是用标签标签启动的，所以会重新通过ID下载[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centosUnable to find image 'centos:latest' locallylatest: Pulling from library/centosDigest: sha256:989b936d56b1ace20ddf855a301741e52abca38286382cba7f44443210e96d16Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it cen:v1 //通过新建的标签启动cen:v1步骤二：容器命令
1）关闭容器
命令：docker stop 容器ID
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker stop 0f //0f为容器ID0f2）启动容器
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker start 0f0f3）重启容器
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker restart 0f0f4）删除容器
运行中删除不掉，先关闭容器
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker rm 0f //删除失败Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 0f63706692e15134a8f07655a992771b312b8eb01554fc37e1a39b03b28dd05c. Stop the container before attempting removal or use -f[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker stop 0f //关闭容器0f[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker rm 0f //删除成功0f[root@docker1 docker_images]#5）连接容器attach|exec
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker attach 0f[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker ps //容器关闭CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker exec -it 0f /bin/bash[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker ps //容器不会关闭CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES0b3c50284a1c centos:v1 "/bin/bash" 15 minutes ago Up 15 minutes tiny_lamarr [root@docker1 docker_images]# docker top f7 //查看容器进程列表[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd centos:latest[root@0b3c50284a1c /]# psPID TTY TIME CMD1 ? 00:00:00 bash13 ? 00:00:00 ps[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker exec -it 85 /bin/bashroot@85c6b0b62235:/# sleep 50 &[1] 9root@85c6b0b62235:/# exitexit [root@docker1 docker_images]#docker top 85 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMDroot 2744 2729 0 18:01 pts/4 00:00:00 /bin/bash6）过滤查看mac和ip地址
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.MacAddress}}' 4f02:42:ac:11:00:03[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' 4f172.17.0.37）修改nginx的显示内容
[root@docker1 docker_images]# docker run -it nginx:latest [root@docker1 docker_images]# docker exec -it 56 /bin/bashroot@56ec8154f8e0:/# nginx -T /usr/share/nginx/html/nginx: invalid option: "/usr/share/nginx/html/" //查找并显示结果root@56ec8154f8e0:/# echo aaa > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html//修改主页显示的内容root@56ec8154f8e0:/# nginx -Troot@56ec8154f8e0:/# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.htmlaaa8）过滤查看nginx的ip地址
[root@docker1 ~]# docker inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' 56172.17.0.5[root@docker1 ~]# curl 172.17.0.5aaa