class Singleton{ private: Singleton(); Singleton(const Singleton& other); public: static Singleton* getInstance(); static Singleton* m_instance; }; Singleton* Singleton::m_instance=nullptr; //线程非安全版本 Singleton* Singleton::getInstance() { if (m_instance == nullptr) { m_instance = new Singleton(); } return m_instance; } //线程安全版本,但锁的代价过高 Singleton* Singleton::getInstance() { Lock lock; if (m_instance == nullptr) { m_instance = new Singleton(); } return m_instance; } //双检查锁,但由于内存读写reorder不安全 Singleton* Singleton::getInstance() { if(m_instance==nullptr){ Lock lock; if (m_instance == nullptr) { m_instance = new Singleton(); } } return m_instance; } //C++ 11版本之后的跨平台实现 (volatile) std::atomic<Singleton*> Singleton::m_instance; std::mutex Singleton::m_mutex; Singleton* Singleton::getInstance() { Singleton* tmp = m_instance.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_acquire);//获取内存fence if (tmp == nullptr) { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex); tmp = m_instance.load(std::memory_order_relaxed); if (tmp == nullptr) { tmp = new Singleton; std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_release);//释放内存fence m_instance.store(tmp, std::memory_order_relaxed); } } return tmp; }