Spring MVC + Spring + Hibernate集成

1.创建Maven project

Pom.xml 添加相应版本的dependency

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.marving</groupId> <artifactId>sshDemo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>SpringMVC_Spring_Hibernate</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring.version>4.2.5.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>4.2.2.Final</hibernate.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 包含ContextLoaderListener 监听器 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 使用SpringMVC需配置 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- 添加Log4J依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.16</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId> <version>1.6.4</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0数据源 --> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql连接 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.34</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!--json-lib--> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId> <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <classifier>jdk15</classifier> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.24</version> </dependency> <!--Spring MVC 返回json--> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.5.1</version> <configuration> <source>${java.version}</source> <target>${java.version}</target> <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

### 2.配置web.xml

2.1 配置spring上下文加载监听器加载Spring配置文件并创建IoC容器.

<!-- spring配置文件路径，如不配置需放到web-inf下 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>

2.2 配置SpringMVC的控制器-DispatcherServlet

<!-- Spring MVC配置 --> <!-- ====================================== --> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- spring MVC配置文件路径，如不配置需放到web-inf下 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>

注意：classpath:springMVC.xml 为Spring MVC 配置文件。

2.3 配置Spring的OpenSessionInView过滤器来解决延迟加载和hibernate会话关闭的矛盾

<!-- 配置Spring的OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，以解决Hibernate的懒加载异常（LazyInitializationException） --> <filter> <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>

2.4 配置404和Exception的错误页面

<error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page> <error-page> <exception-type>java.lang.Exception</exception-type> <location>/error.jsp</location> </error-page>

2.5 配置欢迎页面

<welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list>

### 3.创建JDBC配置文件jdbc.properties

config.resource_pu=SSH_pu ###set the jdbc config of mysql jdbc.database=MYSQL jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testDB?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8 jdbc.user=root jdbc.password=root jdbc.miniPoolSize=5 jdbc.maxPoolSize=20 jdbc.initialPoolSize=1 jdbc.maxIdleTime=25000 jdbc.acquireIncrement=1 jdbc.acquireRetryAttempts=30 jdbc.acquireRetryDelay=1000 jdbc.checkoutTimeout=3000 jdbc.idleConnectionTestPeriod=180 jdbc.automaticTestTable=test_table

注意：更改mysql数据库地址。

### 4.创建log4j.properties

# Set root logger level to WARN and append to stdout # log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout, error log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout, error log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%m%n log4j.logger.noModule=FATAL ################################### # CONSOLE # ################################# log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=(%F:%L)|%m%n log4j.appender.errorcsle=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.errorcsle.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.errorcsle.layout.ConversionPattern=%-5p (%F:%L)|%m%n log4j.appender.errorcsle.Threshold=ERROR

### 5.创建Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

5.1 使用Spring 管理数据源

<!-- 配置数据源 --> <!-- 导入资源文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true" /> <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass"><value>${jdbc.driverClassName}</value></property> <property name="jdbcUrl"><value>${jdbc.url}</value></property> <property name="user"><value>${jdbc.user}</value></property> <property name="password"><value>${jdbc.password}</value></property> <property name="maxIdleTime"><value>${jdbc.maxIdleTime}</value></property> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod"><value>${jdbc.idleConnectionTestPeriod}</value></property> <property name="automaticTestTable"><value>${jdbc.automaticTestTable}</value></property> </bean>

这里采用c3p0作为JDBC连接池，也可以使用Proxool、DBCP、BoneCP、Druid。

5.2 配置 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory 实例: 通过 Spring 提供的 LocalSessionFactoryBean进行配置

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 配置数据源属性 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 配置文件的位置及名称 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> </bean>

5.3 配置HibernateTemplate与TransactionManager类

<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

6. Spring MVC 配置文件springMVC.xml

6.1 基本配置如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 扫描包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.marving.controller" /> <!-- 视图解析 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <!-- 返回的视图模型数据需要经过jstl来处理 --> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>

6.2 设置首页跳转

<!-- 用于页面跳转,根据请求的不同跳转到不同页面，如请求index.do则跳转到/jsp/index.jsp --> <bean id="findJsp" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.UrlFilenameViewController" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="index.do">findJsp</prop><!-- 表示index.do转向index.jsp页面 --> <prop key="first.do">findJsp</prop><!-- 表示first.do转向first.jsp页面 --> </props> </property> </bean>

6.3 配置静态资源文件访问，对于CSS、Javascript文件的访问

<!-- 对静态资源文件的访问 不支持访问WEB-INF目录 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

6.4 如果需要SpringMVC返回json，则需要配置stringConverter 和 jsonConverter

<bean id="stringConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/plain;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 输出对象转JSON支持 --> <bean id="jsonConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"></bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="stringConverter"/> <ref bean="jsonConverter" /> </list> </property> </bean>

注意Spring 的版本与MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter关系，具体详见配置SpringMVC返回JSON遇到的坑。

至此，Spring MVC + Spring + Hibernate 的整合到此结束。

### 7. 测试

7.1 创建测试数据库

CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `pass` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

7.2 生成model

package com.marving.model; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name="user") public class User { private String id; private String username; private String pass; public User(){ } public User(String id) { this.id = id; } public User(String id, String username, String pass) { super(); this.id = id; this.username = username; this.pass = pass; } @Id @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 64) public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } @Column(name = "username", length = 100) public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } @Column(name = "pass", length = 100) public String getPass() { return pass; } public void setPass(String pass) { this.pass = pass; } }

7.3 UserController.java

package com.marving.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.marving.model.User; import com.marving.utils.Common; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; @Controller @RequestMapping("admin/user") public class UserController extends BaseController{ @RequestMapping(value="/hello", produces = "text/plain;charset=UTF-8") public @ResponseBody String hello() { logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0]); return "你好！hello"; } private String namespace = "/admin/user/"; // 首页 @RequestMapping("admin") public String admin(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelMap model){ logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0]); entityName = "用户测试"; model.addAttribute("namespace",namespace); model.addAttribute("entityName",entityName); return namespace + "admin"; } @RequestMapping("search") public @ResponseBody JSONObject search(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestParam(value = "cond", required = false, defaultValue = "") String cond) { return super.search(User.class); } @RequestMapping("toAdd") public String toAdd(HttpServletRequest request,ModelMap model) { logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0]); User user = new User(Common.genGuid()); model.addAttribute("namespace",namespace); model.addAttribute("action","add.do"); model.addAttribute("user",user); return namespace+"edit"; } @RequestMapping("toUpdate") public String toUpdate(HttpServletRequest request,String id,ModelMap model){ logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0]); User user=super.findById(User.class, id); model.addAttribute("namespace", namespace); model.addAttribute("action", "update.do"); model.addAttribute("person", user); logger.info("model = " + model); return namespace+"edit"; } @RequestMapping("delete") @ResponseBody public Object delete(String id){ logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0]); return super.delete(User.class, id); } @RequestMapping(value = "add", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public Object add(User user) throws Exception { logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0] + "add:"+user.toString()); return super.add(user); } @RequestMapping(value = "update", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public Object update(User user){ logger.info(new Throwable().getStackTrace()[0] + "update: " + user.toString()); return super.update(user); } }

前端采用EasyUI

访问地址：http://localhost:/admin/user/admin.do

运行结果如下：

代码不全，我已把完整项目上传到我的Github上。

更多问题：

jsp无法解析EL标签 ${xxx},具体参考：jsp界面中不识别EL表达式