代码如下：
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request; HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null; boolean multipartRequestParsed = false; WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request); try { ModelAndView mv = null; Exception dispatchException = null; try { processedRequest = checkMultipart(request); multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request); // Determine handler for the current request. mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest); //查询handler if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) { noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response); return; } // Determine handler adapter for the current request. HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler()); // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler. String method = request.getMethod(); boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method); if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) { long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler()); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified); } if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) { return; } } if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) { return; } // Actually invoke the handler. mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler()); if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) { return; } applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv); mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv); } catch (Exception ex) { dispatchException = ex; } processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException); } catch (Exception ex) { triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex); } catch (Error err) { triggerAfterCompletionWithError(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, err); } finally { if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) { // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion if (mappedHandler != null) { mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response); } } else { // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request. if (multipartRequestParsed) { cleanupMultipart(processedRequest); } } } }
DispatcherServlet的处理流程:
1.请求进入dispatcherServlet
2.通过处理器映射获得对应的控制器
3.控制器处理
4.返回modelandview
5.视图解析器解析视图
6.获取视图
7.响应页面
DispatcherServlet处理流程时序图
从上面可以很清晰的看出，springmvc的处理流程
下面，详细分析每个过程
首先来看映射匹配查找Controller，通过HandlerMapping接口来处理这件事,处理匹配的具体实现类有如下：
第二步：处理器映射
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest); //查询handler
进而跟踪:
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception { for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace( "Testing handler map [" + hm + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request); if (handler != null) { return handler; } } return null; }
public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception { Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request); if (handler == null) {//没有找到，使用默认的controller handler = getDefaultHandler(); } if (handler == null) { return null; } // Bean name or resolved handler? if (handler instanceof String) {//如果是handler为string类型，则查找真正的bean String handlerName = (String) handler; handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName); } HandlerExecutionChain executionChain = getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request);//得到执行链 if (CorsUtils.isCorsRequest(request)) { CorsConfiguration globalConfig = this.corsConfigSource.getCorsConfiguration(request); CorsConfiguration handlerConfig = getCorsConfiguration(handler, request); CorsConfiguration config = (globalConfig != null ? globalConfig.combine(handlerConfig) : handlerConfig); executionChain = getCorsHandlerExecutionChain(request, executionChain, config); } return executionChain; } protected Object getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception { String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request);//截取有效的url路径 Object handler = lookupHandler(lookupPath, request); if (handler == null) { // We need to care for the default handler directly, since we need to // expose the PATH_WITHIN_HANDLER_MAPPING_ATTRIBUTE for it as well. Object rawHandler = null; if ("/".equals(lookupPath)) { rawHandler = getRootHandler(); } if (rawHandler == null) { rawHandler = getDefaultHandler(); } if (rawHandler != null) { // Bean name or resolved handler? if (rawHandler instanceof String) { String handlerName = (String) rawHandler; rawHandler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName); } validateHandler(rawHandler, request); handler = buildPathExposingHandler(rawHandler, lookupPath, lookupPath, null); } } if (handler != null && logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Mapping [" + lookupPath + "] to " + handler); } else if (handler == null && logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("No handler mapping found for [" + lookupPath + "]"); } return handler; }lookupHandler(lookupPath, request); if (handler == null) { // We need to care for the default handler directly, since we need to // expose the PATH_WITHIN_HANDLER_MAPPING_ATTRIBUTE for it as well. Object rawHandler = null; if ("/".equals(lookupPath)) { rawHandler = getRootHandler(); } if (rawHandler == null) { rawHandler = getDefaultHandler(); } if (rawHandler != null) { // Bean name or resolved handler? if (rawHandler instanceof String) { String handlerName = (String) rawHandler; rawHandler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName); } validateHandler(rawHandler, request); handler = buildPathExposingHandler(rawHandler, lookupPath, lookupPath, null); } } if (handler != null && logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Mapping [" + lookupPath + "] to " + handler); } else if (handler == null && logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("No handler mapping found for [" + lookupPath + "]"); } return handler; } protected Object lookupHandler(String urlPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception { // Direct match? Object handler = this.handlerMap.get(urlPath);//直接匹配处理 if (handler != null) { // Bean name or resolved handler? if (handler instanceof String) { String handlerName = (String) handler; handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName); } validateHandler(handler, request); return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, urlPath, urlPath, null); } // Pattern match?//通配符匹配处理 List<String> matchingPatterns = new ArrayList<String>(); for (String registeredPattern : this.handlerMap.keySet()) { if (getPathMatcher().match(registeredPattern, urlPath)) { matchingPatterns.add(registeredPattern); } else if (useTrailingSlashMatch()) { if (!registeredPattern.endsWith("/") && getPathMatcher().match(registeredPattern + "/", urlPath)) { matchingPatterns.add(registeredPattern +"/"); } } } String bestPatternMatch = null; Comparator<String> patternComparator = getPathMatcher().getPatternComparator(urlPath); if (!matchingPatterns.isEmpty()) { Collections.sort(matchingPatterns, patternComparator); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Matching patterns for request [" + urlPath + "] are " + matchingPatterns); } bestPatternMatch = matchingPatterns.get(0); } ............ return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, bestPatternMatch, pathWithinMapping, uriTemplateVariables);//增加一些执行链 } // No handler found... return null; }
执行链:
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandlerExecutionChain(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request) { HandlerExecutionChain chain = (handler instanceof HandlerExecutionChain ? (HandlerExecutionChain) handler : new HandlerExecutionChain(handler)); String lookupPath = this.urlPathHelper.getLookupPathForRequest(request); for (HandlerInterceptor interceptor : this.adaptedInterceptors) { if (interceptor instanceof MappedInterceptor) { MappedInterceptor mappedInterceptor = (MappedInterceptor) interceptor; if (mappedInterceptor.matches(lookupPath, this.pathMatcher)) { chain.addInterceptor(mappedInterceptor.getInterceptor()); } } else { chain.addInterceptor(interceptor); } } return chain; }
第三,四步：逻辑视图名的返回
dispatcher对应代码:
// Determine handler adapter for the current request. HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler()); //得到handleradapter
protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException { for (HandlerAdapter ha : this.handlerAdapters) { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Testing handler adapter [" + ha + "]"); } if (ha.supports(handler)) {//如果支持，直接返回 return ha; } } throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler + "]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler"); }
得到handleradapter后，也就是对应的Controller，下面就是执行对应的方法，然后返回modelandview
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
继续跟踪
@Override public ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { return ((Controller) handler).handleRequest(request, response); }
@Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { // Delegate to WebContentGenerator for checking and preparing. checkRequest(request); prepareResponse(response); // Execute handleRequestInternal in synchronized block if required. //如果需要session同步 if (this.synchronizeOnSession) { HttpSession session = request.getSession(false); if (session != null) { Object mutex = WebUtils.getSessionMutex(session); synchronized (mutex) { return handleRequestInternal(request, response); } } } return handleRequestInternal(request, response); //真正执行controller逻辑处理的部分，也就是我们自己写的方法 }
下一步：视图解析处理
processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException); private void processDispatchResult(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, ModelAndView mv, Exception exception) throws Exception { boolean errorView = false; if (exception != null) { if (exception instanceof ModelAndViewDefiningException) { logger.debug("ModelAndViewDefiningException encountered", exception); mv = ((ModelAndViewDefiningException) exception).getModelAndView(); } else { Object handler = (mappedHandler != null ? mappedHandler.getHandler() : null); mv = processHandlerException(request, response, handler, exception); errorView = (mv != null); } } // Did the handler return a view to render? if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) { render(mv, request, response); //真正处理视图解析的代码 if (errorView) { WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request); } } else { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Null ModelAndView returned to DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "': assuming HandlerAdapter completed request handling"); } } if (WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) { // Concurrent handling started during a forward return; } if (mappedHandler != null) { mappedHandler.triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null); } }protected void render(ModelAndView mv, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { // Determine locale for request and apply it to the response. Locale locale = this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request); response.setLocale(locale); View view; if (mv.isReference()) { // We need to resolve the view name. view = resolveViewName(mv.getViewName(), mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request);//解析视图名称 if (view == null) { throw new ServletException("Could not resolve view with name '" + mv.getViewName() + "' in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } } else { // No need to lookup: the ModelAndView object contains the actual View object. view = mv.getView(); if (view == null) { throw new ServletException("ModelAndView [" + mv + "] neither contains a view name nor a " + "View object in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } } // Delegate to the View object for rendering. if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Rendering view [" + view + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } try { view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response);//渲染视图 } catch (Exception ex) { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Error rendering view [" + view + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'", ex); } throw ex; } }
首先来看视图名称的解析:
public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception { if (!isCache()) { //不存在缓存，直接创建 return createView(viewName, locale); } else {//负责提取缓存中的数据 Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(viewName, locale); View view = this.viewAccessCache.get(cacheKey); if (view == null) { synchronized (this.viewCreationCache) { view = this.viewCreationCache.get(cacheKey); if (view == null) { // Ask the subclass to create the View object. view = createView(viewName, locale); if (view == null && this.cacheUnresolved) { view = UNRESOLVED_VIEW; } if (view != null) { this.viewAccessCache.put(cacheKey, view); this.viewCreationCache.put(cacheKey, view); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Cached view [" + cacheKey + "]"); } } } } } return (view != UNRESOLVED_VIEW ? view : null); } }createView(viewName, locale); } else {//负责提取缓存中的数据 Object cacheKey = getCacheKey(viewName, locale); View view = this.viewAccessCache.get(cacheKey); if (view == null) { synchronized (this.viewCreationCache) { view = this.viewCreationCache.get(cacheKey); if (view == null) { // Ask the subclass to create the View object. view = createView(viewName, locale); if (view == null && this.cacheUnresolved) { view = UNRESOLVED_VIEW; } if (view != null) { this.viewAccessCache.put(cacheKey, view); this.viewCreationCache.put(cacheKey, view); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Cached view [" + cacheKey + "]"); } } } } } return (view != UNRESOLVED_VIEW ? view : null); } }
从下面可以看出，创建view的时候分不同的情况
protected View createView(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception { // If this resolver is not supposed to handle the given view, // return null to pass on to the next resolver in the chain. if (!canHandle(viewName, locale)) { return null; } // Check for special "redirect:" prefix. if (viewName.startsWith(REDIRECT_URL_PREFIX)) { String redirectUrl = viewName.substring(REDIRECT_URL_PREFIX.length()); RedirectView view = new RedirectView(redirectUrl, isRedirectContextRelative(), isRedirectHttp10Compatible()); return applyLifecycleMethods(viewName, view); } // Check for special "forward:" prefix. if (viewName.startsWith(FORWARD_URL_PREFIX)) { String forwardUrl = viewName.substring(FORWARD_URL_PREFIX.length()); return new InternalResourceView(forwardUrl); } // Else fall back to superclass implementation: calling loadView. return super.createView(viewName, locale); }当然，现在还没有完成，感兴趣的小伙伴可以继续追踪，无非就是添加前缀和后缀，组成完整的jsp路径，就是我们配置解析视图的前缀和后缀.
以上代码主要做了如下三件事:
1.使用spring的缓存，可以提高性能
2.对转发和重定向的支持
3.增加前缀和后缀，设置所必须的属性.
视图渲染:
@Override public void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Rendering view with name '" + this.beanName + "' with model " + model + " and static attributes " + this.staticAttributes); } Map<String, Object> mergedModel = createMergedOutputModel(model, request, response); prepareResponse(request, response); renderMergedOutputModel(mergedModel, getRequestToExpose(request), response); }protected void renderMergedOutputModel( Map<String, Object> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { //把model中的数据添加到request中 // Expose the model object as request attributes. exposeModelAsRequestAttributes(model, request); // Expose helpers as request attributes, if any. exposeHelpers(request); // Determine the path for the request dispatcher. String dispatcherPath = prepareForRendering(request, response); // Obtain a RequestDispatcher for the target resource (typically a JSP). RequestDispatcher rd = getRequestDispatcher(request, dispatcherPath); if (rd == null) { throw new ServletException("Could not get RequestDispatcher for [" + getUrl() + "]: Check that the corresponding file exists within your web application archive!"); } // If already included or response already committed, perform include, else forward. //检测是否包含include，如果包含，则添加include if (useInclude(request, response)) { response.setContentType(getContentType()); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Including resource [" + getUrl() + "] in InternalResourceView '" + getBeanName() + "'"); } rd.include(request, response); } else { // Note: The forwarded resource is supposed to determine the content type itself. if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Forwarding to resource [" + getUrl() + "] in InternalResourceView '" + getBeanName() + "'"); } rd.forward(request, response); } }
主要做的事:
1.把model中的数据添加到request中，从而支持jstl
2.对include支持
