背景： 最近琢磨怎么才能尽快的熟悉树莓派各方面的功能，所以想找个合适的切入点。之前配套Arduino的许多套间里面可以挑出来一个USB摄像头，参考了网上一些朋友的思路发现可以实现一个基本的网络监控功能。所以决定使用raspbian+motion+python来实现。
功能：
动态配置，motion配置项比较灵活；”云“存储，实现发送到笔者邮箱作为存储位置，这一点是根本上区别于常规监控将监控内容存储行为的；随意放置，在家庭局域网内，树莓派与路由器采用无线连接，可以任意挪动整套系统其位置；间断查询特定目录下（本例检测的目录是/var/lib/motion）的文件变化，若有新文件存在则打包发送至特定邮箱准备： motion是一个提供视频监控解决方案的开源软件，支持Linux/FreeBSD/Mac平台，功能主要有以下几个：
支持USB摄像头和webcam（可通过HTTP查看实时视频直播的摄像头）支持多摄像头（不过需要额外的多项配置，不建议一开始就搞）提供web访问实时视频功能（暂时还没实现）重点是运动检测，可以在画面中像素变化时拍摄、记录、触发事件可以配置web远程管理（用处不大，建议关闭）可以配置使用数据库（支持MySQL和PostgreSQL） 看到我raspbian的系统是默认安装motion也是很简单，sudo apt-get install motion就好了。 实现： 网上对motion的配置有比较全面介绍，我这里不再叙述。只需要在配置项中配置好发送邮件的脚本绝对路径即可。例如：on_motion_detected /home/pi/Desktop/mail_me/sendmail.py。下面直接贴上代码供参考。 #!/usr/bin/bash python import os import sys import datetime import time import logging import threading import smtplib import subprocess from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.mime.text import MIMEText class SendMaNMOnce(object): """ sending a mail when new file(s) was/were added to the path:jpg_avi_path as a attachment. in case of saving space, ".tar.gz" file is a good choice for the attachment. Args: is_debug, in debug model, stdout is to console, otherwise,file handler. frequece, int, the frequece of sending a mail. example:frequece=60 means every 60 seconds jpg_avi_path, (str), motion result abs path. Exception: All exceptions will be catched and printed. """ def __init__(self, is_debug=True, frequece=60, jpg_avi_path='/var/lib/motion'): self.is_debug = is_debug self.frequece = frequece self.jpg_avi_path = jpg_avi_path self.alreadystfiles = [] try: for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.jpg_avi_path, topdown=False): for name in files: os.remove(os.path.join(root, name)) except Exception as e: self.print_log(e) self.TBsendfls = threading.Thread(target=self.sendmail) self.TBsendfls.start() def __del__(self): self.print_log('del total file:%s' % len(self.alreadystfiles)) del self.alreadystfiles def print_log(self, astring): timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S] ') if not self.is_debug: log_file = open("sendmail.log", "a") console = sys.stdout sys.stdout = log_file print timestamp +str(astring) log_file.close() sys.stdout = console else: print timestamp +str(astring) def sendmail(self): while 1: filesTBsent = [] time.sleep(self.frequece) timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S') targz = timestamp +'.tar.gz' [filesTBsent.append(f) for f in os.listdir(self.jpg_avi_path) if f not in self.alreadystfiles and (f.endswith('jpg') or f.endswith('avi'))] def send(): self.print_log('start to send a mail...') os.chdir(self.jpg_avi_path) try: self.print_log('file:[%s]' % ' '.join(filesTBsent)) os.system("tar -Pzcf %s %s" % (targz, ' '.join(filesTBsent))) except Exception as e: self.print_log(e) sender = 'sender@126.com' receiver = '1048015805@qq.com' smtpserver = 'smtp.126.com' username = 'username' password = 'password' msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related') msgRoot['Subject'] = '%s' % timestamp msgRoot['from'] = 'raspberry@raspberry.com' msgRoot['to'] = '1048015805@qq.com' if targz in os.listdir(self.jpg_avi_path): self.print_log('file [%s] exists, it`s very good.' % targz) attachment = MIMEText(open(targz, 'rb').read(),'base64', 'utf-8') attachment["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' attachment["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % targz else: self.print_log('file [%s] not exists, it`s unexpected.' % targz) attachment = MIMEText('file not found', 'plain', 'utf-8') msgRoot.attach(attachment) smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect(smtpserver) smtp.login(username,password) smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string()) smtp.quit() self.print_log('mail is sending...') self.alreadystfiles += filesTBsent try: os.remove(targz) except Exception as e: self.print_log('Exception when remove %s'%targz + str(e)) self.print_log('end to send a mail...\n') if len(filesTBsent)!=0: self.print_log('%s new pictures found, will mail.'%len(filesTBsent)) send() self.print_log('no pictures found.') return if __name__ == "__main__": s = SendMaNMOnce() 可改进的地方：1.网络实时访问监控画面，这需要对局域网做DDNS，出于安全考虑，建议网友谨慎实现；
2.利用移动电源提供电力，可以将本系统置于任何有wifi网络的地方；
3.必要时，将移动电源换成“蓄电池+太阳能电池板”就可以实现全天候全方位监控了；
