一、基本运算符
Python运算符多数与C/C++/Java类似,但有少数不一样。 “/”表示求商,“//”求商的整数部分。11 / 2 = 5.500000, 11 // 2 = 5 “”表示求幂。2 5 = 32
例1
a =
10
b =
3
x =
a / b
y =
a
z =
a**b
print x,y,z
c = float(b)
m =
a / c
n =
a
print m,n
运行结果:
3 3 1000
3.33333333333 3.0
二、成员运算符in和not in
in : 如果在指定的序列中找到值返回 True,否则返回 False not in : 如果在指定的序列中没有找到值返回 True,否则返回 False
例2
a =
1
b =
20
list = [
1,
2,
3,
4,
5 ];
if ( a
in list ):
print "a is in the list"
else:
print "a is not in the list"
if ( b
not in list ):
print "b is not in the list"
else:
print "b is in the list"
运行结果:
a
is in the list
b
is not in the list
三、身份运算符is和is not
is : 判断两个标识符是不是引用自一个对象 is not : 判断两个标识符是不是引用自不同的对象
例3
a =
20
b =
20
if ( a
is b ):
print "a and b is the same object"
else:
print "a and b is not the same object"
if ( a
is not b ):
print "a and b is not the same object"
else:
print "a and b is the same object"
b =
30
if ( a
is b ):
print "a and b is the same object"
else:
print "a and b is not the same object"
运行结果:
a and b is
the same object
a and b is
the same object
a and b is
not the same object
is与==的区别 is 用于判断两个变量引用对象是否为同一个, == 用于判断引用变量的值是否相等
例4 (以下代码位于Python交互式环境)
>>> a = [
1,
2,
3]
>>> b = a
>>> b
is a
True
>>> b == a
True
>>> b = a[:]
>>> b
is a
False
>>> b == a
True
说明,b =a[:],这里冒号前面和后面都没有数字,表示取a的第一个元素到最后一个元素,放到另一个对象b里。所以b与a里的数据相同,但不是同一个对象。
四、运算符优先级
运算符描述
()括号(最高优先级)**指数~ + -按位翻转, 一元加号和减号 (最后两个的方法名为 +@ 和 -@)
/ % //
乘,除,取模和取整除
-
加法减法
<<
右移,左移运算符&位 ‘AND’^位运算符<= < > >=比较运算符<> == !=等于运算符= %= /= //= -= += = *=赋值运算符is, is not身份运算符in, not in成员运算符not, or, and逻辑运算符
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