课程名称
C++与面向对象程序设计
实验项目名称
实验室名称及编号
05405J/05412J
实验日期
2017年**月**日
学生姓名
学号
专业班级
同组组员
无
机器编号或IP
***．***．***．***
一，实验目的和要求
1．理解和使用函数重载以及带默认参数的函数；
2．使用new和delete进行动态内存管理；
3．理解和使用引用。
二、实验环境（软、硬件及条件）
一台安装有Visual C++ 6.0的计算机
三，实验步骤
1．阅读下面的程序，写出程序的运行结果。
#include <iostream.h>
int max_def(int x, int y)
{
return (x>y?x:y);
}
int max_def(int x, int y, int z)
{
int temp = 0;
return (temp=(x>y?x:y))>z?temp:z;
}
double max_def(double x, double y)
{
return (x>y?x:y);
}
int main()
{
int x1 = 0;
int x2 = 0;
double d1 = 0.0;
double d2 = 0.0;
x1 = max_def(5,6);
x2 = max_def(2,3,4);
d1 = max_def(2.1,5.6);
d2 = max_def(12.3,3.4,7.8);
cout<<"x1="<<x1<<endl;
cout<<"x2="<<x2<<endl;
cout<<"d1="<<d1<<endl;
cout<<"d2="<<d2<<endl;
return 0;
}
该程序的运行结果是 x1=6
x2=4
d1=5.6
d2=12
2. 阅读下面的程序，写出程序的运行结果。
#include <iostream.h>
void swap(int a, int b)
{
int temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
void swap(int *a, int *b)
{
int temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
int main()
{
int i = 5;
int j = 10;
cout<<"Before swap: i="<<i<<",j="<<j<<endl;
swap(i,j);
cout<<"After the first swap: i="<<i<<",j="<<j<<endl;
swap(&i,&j);
cout<<"After the second swap: i="<<i<<",j="<<j<<endl;
return 0;
}
该程序的运行结果是 Before swap: i=5,j=10
After the first swap: i=5,j=10
After the second swap: i=10,j=5
3.以下程序的功能是： 请输入9个整数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
the product is :362880
# include <iostream.h>
const int size=9;
int *init() //返回指针值的函数
{
return new int[size]; //分配空间将首地址返回
}
void readin(int *a) //从a指向的存储单元开始读入数据
{
int i;
cout<<"请输入"<<size<<"个整数:"<<endl;
for (i=0;i<size;i++)
cin>>*(a+i); //读入数据到a+i指向的存储单元
}
void product(int *arr ,int size,int *result)
//计算从arr指向的存储单元开始的
//连续size个存储单元的乘积
{ int m,i;
for (m=1,i=0;size>0;size--,i++)
m=m*(*(arr+i));
*result=m; //乘积的结果放入result指向的存储单元
}
int main()
{
int *x,res;
if ((x=init())==NULL)
return 1;
readin(x);
product(x,size,&res);
cout<<"the product is :"<<res<<endl;
delete[ ] x;
return 0;
}
3.设计一个函数：exchange(float x, float y, float z)，当调用exchange(a,b,c)时，将a的内容赋值给b，b的内容赋值给c，c的内容赋值给a，要求采用引用的方式来实现。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
float exchange(float &x,float &y, float &z)
{
float t;
t=x;
x=y;
y=t;
y=z;
z=t;
return x,y,z;
}
int main()
{
float a,b,c;
cout<<" please inputa,b,c"<<endl;
cin>>a;
cin>>b;
cin>>c;
float &i=a;
float &j=b;
float &k=c;
exchange(i,j,k);
cout<<"交换后的值"<<a<<b<<c<<endl;
return 0;
}
4.编写重载函数max1可分别求取2个整数，3个整数，2个浮点数，3个浮点数的最大值。
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int max(int a,int b)
{
return a>b?a:b;
}
int max(int a,int b,int c)
{
return max(a,max(b,c));
}
double max(double a,double b)
{
return a>b?a:b;
}
double max(double a,double b,double c)
{
return max(a,max(b,c));
}
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
double x,y,z;
cout<<"input three int:"<<endl;;
cin>>a>>b>>c;
cout<<max(a,b,c)<<endl;
cout<<max(a,b)<<endl;
cout<<"input three double:" <<endl;
cin>>x>>y>>z;
cout<<max(x,y,z)<<endl;
cout<<max(x,y)<<endl;
}
四、实验中遇到的问题及解决
:\Users\周佳丽\Desktop\Microsoft Visual Studio(3)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\Cpp1.cpp(7) : error C2059: syntax error : ';'
C:\Users\周佳丽\Desktop\Microsoft Visual Studio(3)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\Cpp1.cpp(13) : warning C4508: 'exchange' : function should return a value; 'void' return type assumed
C:\Users\周佳丽\Desktop\Microsoft Visual Studio(3)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\Cpp1.cpp(19) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'float *' to 'float'
There is no context in which this conversion is possible
C:\Users\周佳丽\Desktop\Microsoft Visual Studio(3)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\Cpp1.cpp(20) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'float *' to 'float'
There is no context in which this conversion is possible
C:\Users\周佳丽\Desktop\Microsoft Visual Studio(3)\Microsoft Visual Studio\Common\Cpp1.cpp(21) : error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'float *' to 'float'
There is no context in which this conversion is possible
Error executing cl.exe.
实验结果及分析
<1>
x1=6
x2=4
d1=5.6
d2=12
<2>
Before swap: i=5,j=10
After the first swap: i=5,j=10
After the second swap: i=10,j=5
<3>
请输入9个整数:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
the product is :362880
<4>
please inputa,b,c
4 7 8
交换后的值784
<5>
input three int:
1 2 3
3
2
input three double:
3.2 7.2 2.1
7.2
7.2
