原理环境准备安装包复制配置文件样例到etchad下 主节点配置 配置验证文件及修改权限为当前用户600配置虚拟IP与HA无关配置 vim haresources配置hacf 从节点配置主要修改hacf中的对方ip地址 配置验证文件及修改权限为当前用户600配置 vim haresources配置hacf 安装测试主程序Nginx启动顺序 在主节点上启动heartbeat从节点上启动heartbeat 测试 访问虚拟ip关闭主节点的icmp使用python脚本进行不间断测试

HA==high available

原理

环境准备

header 1header 2关闭iptablesiptables -F关闭selinuxdisabled/etc/hostshostname ip

安装包

yum install -y epel yum install -y libnet heartbeat

复制配置文件样例到/etc/ha.d/下

# cd /usr/share/doc/heartbeat-3.0.4/ # cp authkeys ha.cf haresources /etc/ha.d/

主节点配置

配置验证文件及修改权限为当前用户600

vim authkeys auth 3 #1 crc #2 sha1 HI! 3 md5 Hello! # 从上到下安全级别越来越高，采用第几级，auth后面就写数字几 chmod 600 authkeys

配置虚拟IP（与HA无关）

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0\:1 # eth0:1配置 DEVICE=eth0:1 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=192.168.139.199 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 service network restart eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:60:22:B6 inet addr:192.168.139.199 Bcast:192.168.139.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

配置 vim haresources

node1 10.0.0.170 Filesystem::/dev/sda1::/data1::ext2 主节点主机名 虚拟流动IP 启动资源 centos6-1 192.168.139.189/24/eth0:0 nginx

配置ha.cf

debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log logfacility local0 keepalive 2 deadtime 30 warntime 10 initdead 60 udpport 694 ucast eth0 192.168.139.129 auto_failback on node centos6-1 node centos6-2 ping 192.168.139.2 respawn hacluster /usr/lib64/heartbeat/ipfail

从节点配置（主要修改ha.cf中的对方ip地址）

配置验证文件及修改权限为当前用户600

vim authkeys auth 3 #1 crc #2 sha1 HI! 3 md5 Hello! # 从上到下安全级别越来越高，采用第几级，auth后面就写数字几 chmod 600 authkeys

配置 vim haresources

node1 10.0.0.170 Filesystem::/dev/sda1::/data1::ext2 主节点主机名 虚拟流动IP 启动资源 centos6-1 192.168.139.189/24/eth0:0 nginx

配置ha.cf

debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log logfacility local0 keepalive 2 deadtime 30 warntime 10 initdead 60 udpport 694 ucast eth0 192.168.139.145 auto_failback on node centos6-1 node centos6-2 ping 192.168.139.2 respawn hacluster /usr/lib64/heartbeat/ipfail

安装测试主程序Nginx

启动顺序

先启动主heartbeat，再启动从heartbeat

在主节点上启动heartbeat

/etc/init.d/heartbeat start

从节点上启动heartbeat

/etc/init.d/heartbeat start

测试

访问虚拟ip

[root@centos6-1 ha.d]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:60:22:B6 inet addr:192.168.139.144 Bcast:192.168.139.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe60:22b6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:87246 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:26970 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:114528452 (109.2 MiB) TX bytes:2487660 (2.3 MiB) eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:60:22:B6 inet addr:192.168.139.189 Bcast:192.168.139.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 ps aux|grep nginx root 7038 0.0 0.1 108916 2188 ? Ss 18:14 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx 7039 0.0 0.1 109340 2860 ? S 18:14 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 7040 0.0 0.1 109340 2932 ? S 18:14 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 7041 0.0 0.1 109340 2932 ? S 18:14 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 7043 0.0 0.1 109340 2912 ? S 18:14 0:00 nginx: worker process root 7046 0.0 0.0 103312 880 pts/1 S+ 18:14 0:00 grep nginx echo "1111111cetos6-1" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

结果

关闭主节点的icmp

iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j DROP 此时从节点的服务启动

[root@centos6-2 ha.d]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:8F:D3:D2 inet addr:192.168.139.129 Bcast:192.168.139.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8f:d3d2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:47256 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:22151 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:57900661 (55.2 MiB) TX bytes:2136758 (2.0 MiB) eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:8F:D3:D2 inet addr:192.168.139.189 Bcast:192.168.139.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 [root@centos6-2 ha.d]# ps aux |grep nginx root 3619 0.0 0.1 108920 2184 ? Ss 14:49 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx 3620 0.0 0.1 109344 2856 ? S 14:49 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 3621 0.0 0.1 109344 2928 ? S 14:49 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 3623 0.0 0.1 109344 2928 ? S 14:49 0:00 nginx: worker process nginx 3624 0.0 0.1 109344 2908 ? S 14:49 0:00 nginx: worker process root 3627 0.0 0.0 103312 884 pts/0 R+ 14:49 0:00 grep nginx echo "222222CENTOS6-2" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html

使用python脚本进行不间断测试

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import requests import time def getHTMLText(url): try: r = requests.get(url) r.raise_for_status() r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding #return r.text return r.text except: return '产生异常' if __name__ == "__main__": url = "http://192.168.139.189/" for i in range(100): time.sleep(2) print(getHTMLText(url))

如果将测试频率增减到0.5秒一次，有可能出现异常