1. 触发机制 定时任务的触发机制一般可分为两种,分别是按固定周期运行和在指定时间点运行。
2. 依赖 jar commons-logging-1.1.3.jar spring-beans-3.2.3.RELEASE.jar spring-context-3.2.3.RELEASE.jar spring-core-3.2.3.RELEASE.jar spring-expression-3.2.3.RELEASE.jar # download url http://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/ http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/html/overview.html https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/commons/logging/binaries/
3. 一个 Java 类
[java] view plain copy print ? package org.demo.task; import java.util.Date; public class HeartBeatTask { /** * 检测心跳 */ public void run() { String time = new Date().toString(); System.out.println("[" + time + "] alive."); } }4. Spring 配置文件 src/spring-tasks.xml
[html] view plain copy print ? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd" > <!-- bean definition --> <bean id="heartBeat" class="org.demo.task.HeartBeatTask" /> <!-- task definition --> <task:scheduler id="myScheduler" pool-size="10" /> <task:scheduled-tasks scheduler="myScheduler"> <task:scheduled ref="heartBeat" method="run" initial-delay="10000" fixed-delay="5000" /> </task:scheduled-tasks> </beans>
# <task:scheduled> 的参数说明如下: initial-delay : 表示第一次运行前需要延迟的时间,单位是毫秒 fixed-delay : 表示从上一个任务完成到下一个任务开始的间隔, 单位是毫秒 fixed-rate : 表示从上一个任务开始到下一个任务开始的间隔, 单位是毫秒(如果某次任务开始时上次任务还没有结束,那么在上次任务执行完成时,当前任务会立即执行) cron : cron 表达式,由6个字段组成,依次为 second, minute, hour, day, month, weekday 例如: "0 0 * * * *" = the top of every hour of every day. "*/10 * * * * *" = every ten seconds.(在 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 秒时运行) "0 0 8-10 * * *" = 8, 9 and 10 o'clock of every day. "0 0/30 8-10 * * *" = 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, 9:30, 10:00 and 10:30 o'clock every day. "0 0 9-17 * * MON-FRI" = on the hour nine-to-five weekdays "0 0 0 25 12 ?" = every Christmas Day at midnight
5. 一个测试类
[java] view plain copy print ? public static void main(String[] args) { AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-tasks.xml"); System.out.println("context is " + ctx); }