环境:centos6.9、jdk1.8.0_151、elasticsearch-5.6.5 注意:es5.x要求jdk1.8,否则会报错 本文以讲解Elasticsearch三个节点的分布式部署、核心配置的含义以及分布式部署遇到的坑。
Elasticsearch集群中有的节点一般有三种角色:master node、data node和client node。
1)master node——master节点点主要用于元数据(metadata)的处理,比如索引的新增、删除、分片分配等。 2)client node——client 节点起到路由请求的作用,实际上可以看做负载均衡器。 3)data node——data节点上保存了数据分片。它负责数据相关操作,比如分片的 CRUD,以及搜索和整合操作。这些操作都比较消耗 CPU、内存和 I/O 资源;
节点详解,会在下一篇博客中说明
节点规划
master node:10.0.15.57 client node:10.0.15.12 data node:10.0.15.21、下载 下载地址 https://www.elastic.co/downloads/past-releases/elasticsearch-5-6-5
wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-5.6.5.tar.gz
2、解压
tar zxvf elasticsearch-5.6.5.tar.gz 3、创建ES数据文件和日志文件目录 cd elasticsearch
数据目录
mkdir data
日志目录
mkdir logs
4、修改ES配置文件 进入到config文件夹,编辑 elasticsearch.yml
vim elasticsearch-5.6.5/config/elasticsearch.yml
这里以主节点为例 步骤1:配置好主节点Master信息。
# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration ========================= # # NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings. # Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you # understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences. # # The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists # the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster. # # Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options: # https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html # # ---------------------------------- Cluster ----------------------------------- # # Use a descriptive name for your cluster: #簇名称,分布式部署,确保该名称唯一。同一集群的集群名称必须相同 cluster.name: es # # ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------ # # Use a descriptive name for the node: #节点名称,各个节点不同 #node.name: node-1 # # Add custom attributes to the node: #该节点所属机架 #node.attr.rack: r1 ##该节点的名字 node.name: "test01-master" #该节点有机会成为master节点 node.master: true #该节点可以存储数据 node.data: true # ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------ # # Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma): #数据存放目录 path.data: /opt/elasticsearch/data # # Path to log files: #日志存放目录 path.logs: /opt/elasticsearch/logs # # ----------------------------------- Memory ----------------------------------- # # Lock the memory on startup: # #bootstrap.memory_lock: true # Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available # on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this # limit. # Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory. # # ---------------------------------- Network ----------------------------------- # # Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6): #修改一下ES的监听地址,这样别的机器才可以访问 network.host: 10.0.15.57 # # Set a custom port for HTTP: #端口 http.port: 9200 # # For more information, consult the network module documentation. # # 增加新的参数,这样head插件可以访问es http.cors.enabled: true http.cors.allow-origin: "*" # --------------------------------- Discovery ---------------------------------- # # Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started: # The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"] #定义发现的节点:注意,分布式系统整个集群节点个数N要为奇数个 discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.0.15.57:9300", "10.0.15.12:9300","10.0.15.2:9300"] # # Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1): #master选举最少的节点数,这个一定要设置为N/2+1,其中N是:具有master资格的节点的数量,而不是整个集群节点个数。 discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2 # # For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation. # ---------------------------------- Gateway ----------------------------------- # # Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started: # gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3 gateway.recover_after_time: 5m gateway.expected_nodes: 1 # For more information, consult the gateway module documentation. # # ---------------------------------- Various ----------------------------------- # # Require explicit names when deleting indices: # #action.destructive_requires_name: true5、拷贝到其他机器上 6、修改配置文件 cient节点;修改节点名称信息。 只列举不一样的配置:
node.name: "test02-cient" node.master: true node.data: false network.host: 10.0.15.12步骤3: data节点;修改节点名称 只列举不一样的配置:
node.name: “test03-data” node.master: false node.data: true network.host: 10.0.15.2
7、创建用户 +++注意:三台机器都要创建+++ root用户无法启动es,必须新建一个其他用户,并对其赋予es目录的操作权限 ,这里我新建了es用户和组 创建组
grupadd es
创建用户
useradd es -g es
修改用户和组
chown -R es:es es的安装目录
查看 注意缺少这一步会报错:can not run elasticsearch as root
[2018-04-25T16:37:08,160][WARN ][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [node01] uncaught exception in thread [main] org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:136) ~[elasticsearch-5.6.5.jar:5.6.5]8、启动 分别运行Master,client,data节点(顺序无关) 控制台启动命令
./elasticsearch
后台启动命令
./elasticsearch -d
成功效果
浏览器查看(分别输入三台机器ip:9200)
用head插件可以看到各个节点情况
9、分布式部署遇到的坑 启动可能出现的错误 错误1:max file descriptors [65535] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536] 这个问题是无法创建本地文件,用户最大可创建文件数太小 解决:只需要修改创建文件的最大数目为65536就行了 切换到root用户修改
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
root soft nofile 65536 root hard nofile 65536 * soft nofile 65536 * hard nofile 65536 保存、退出、重新登录才可生效参数解释: - soft nproc:可打开的文件描述符的最大数(软限制) - hard nproc:可打开的文件描述符的最大数(硬限制) - soft nofile:单个用户可用的最大进程数量(软限制) - hard nofile:单个用户可用的最大进程数量(硬限制)
错误2:max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144] 虚拟内存太小 切换到root用户修改
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.max_map_count=262144执行命令:
sudo sysctl -p
错误3:Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error=’Cannot allocate memory’ (errno=12)
jvm需要分配的内存太大
vim config/jvm.options
-Xms2g -Xmx2g 该为: -Xms100m -Xmx100m错误4:max number of threads [1024] for user [es] likely too low, increase to at least [2048] 原因:无法创建本地线程问题,用户最大可创建线程数太小 解决方案:切换到root用户,进入limits.d目录下,修改90-nproc.conf 配置文件 成功启动:
vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
“` 找到如下内容:
* soft nproc 1024
修改为
* soft nproc 2048 “` 错误5:n ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property ‘log4j2.debug‘ to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging. es用
yum install -y log4j*
错误6:unknown setting [discovery.zen.ping.multicast.enabled] please check that any required plugins are installed, or check the breaking changes documentation for removed settings 在elasticsearch.yml文件中 添加bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
错误7:三节点不能联通的: 原因: 1)各节点的hostname没有正确设置,和节点名称设置为一致。 2)关闭防火墙,service iptables stop;否则,打开防火墙会导致无法正常通信,head插件不能看到节点数据信息。
