配置交叉编译器1

xiaoxiao2021-02-28 37

crosstool-ng制作交叉编译器

本文档基于凌云物网智科实验室文档制作

本文中>>xx xx为要输入的命令 1， >>mkdir crosstool >>cd crosstool >>wget http://crosstoolng.org/download/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.16.0.tar.bz2 >>tar -xjf crosstool-ng-1.16.0.tar.bz2 >>cd crosstool-ng-1.16.0 >>ls bootstrap configure contrib ctng.comp docs LICENSES Makefile.in README scripts TODO config configure.ac COPYING ctng.in kconfig licenses.d patches samples steps.mk

>>./configure --prefix=`pwd` 配置安装到当前路径下,且命令中间不能有空格

[ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ ./configure --prefix=`pwd` checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking for readelf... readelf checking for absolute path to readelf... /usr/bin/readelf checking for bison... bison checking for flex... flex checking for gperf... gperf checking for makeinfo... no configure: error: missing required tool: makeinfo

发现缺少makeinfo命令,但是网上查不到makeinfo的命令，只有用texinfo命令

>>sudo yum install makeinfo

>>sudo yum install texinfo

[ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ sudo yum install makeinfo ÒÑ¼ÓÔØ²å¼þ£ºfastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security /var/run/yum.pid ÒÑ±»Ëø¶¨£¬PID Îª 67599 µÄÁíÒ»¸ö³ÌÐòÕýÔÚÔËÐÐ¡£ ÁíÍâÒ»¸ö³ÌÐòËø¶¨ÁË yum£»µÈ´ýËüÍË³ö¡¡ [ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ sudo yum install texinfo ÒÑ¼ÓÔØ²å¼þ£ºfastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security ÉèÖÃ°²×°½ø³Ì Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn ½â¾öÒÀÀµ¹ØÏµ --> Ö´ÐÐÊÂÎñ¼ì²é ---> Package texinfo.x86_64 0:4.13a-8.el6 will be °²×° --> Íê³ÉÒÀÀµ¹ØÏµ¼ÆËã

>>./configure --prefix='pwd' 再次配置

[ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ ./configure --prefix=`pwd` checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for libintl.h... yes 。。。。 checking whether gettext is declared... yes checking ncurses/ncurses.h usability... yes checking ncurses/ncurses.h presence... yes checking for ncurses/ncurses.h... yes checking for library containing initscr... -lncursesw configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile

>>make && makeinstall

[ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ make && make install SED 'ct-ng' SED 'scripts/crosstool-NG.sh' SED 'scripts/saveSample.sh' SED 'scripts/showTuple.sh' 。。。 INST 'docs/*.txt' MKDIR '/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/share/man/man1/' INST 'ct-ng.1.gz' For auto-completion, do not forget to install 'ct-ng.comp' into your bash completion directory (usually /etc/bash_completion.d)

>>cp samples/arm-cortex_a8-linux-gnueabi/crosstool.config .config

>>export TERM=vt100

>>./ct-ng menuconfig 进入配置选项

[ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ cp samples/arm-cortex_a8-linux-gnueabi/crosstool.config .config [ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ export TERM=vt100 [ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ ./ct-ng menuconfig MKDIR config.gen IN config.gen/arch.in

>>./ct-ng build

1， >>mkdir crosstool >>cd crosstool >>wget http://crosstoolng.org/download/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.16.0.tar.bz2 >>tar -xjf crosstool-ng-1.16.0.tar.bz2 >>cd crosstool-ng-1.16.0 >>ls bootstrap configure contrib ctng.comp docs LICENSES Makefile.in README scripts TODO config configure.ac COPYING ctng.in kconfig licenses.d patches samples steps.mk

>>./configure --prefix=`pwd` 配置安装到当前路径下,且命令中间不能有空格

发现缺少makeinfo命令,但是网上查不到makeinfo的命令，只有用texinfo命令

>>sudo yum install makeinfo

>>sudo yum install texinfo

>>./configure --prefix='pwd' 再次配置

[ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ ./configure --prefix=`pwd` checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for libintl.h... yes 。。。。 checking whether gettext is declared... yes checking ncurses/ncurses.h usability... yes checking ncurses/ncurses.h presence... yes checking for ncurses/ncurses.h... yes checking for library containing initscr... -lncursesw configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile

>>make && makeinstall

>>cp samples/arm-cortex_a8-linux-gnueabi/crosstool.config .config 以cortex_a8为模板制作

>>export TERM=vt100

>>./ct-ng menuconfig 进入交叉编译器配置选项

>>./ct-ng build 开始编译，注意此时普通账号做事会出现问题

ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ ./ct-ng build [INFO ] Performing some trivial sanity checks [INFO ] Build started 20180126.205130 [INFO ] Building environment variables [ERROR] Destination directory '/opt/x-tools/arm920t' is not removable //到root账户下做事 [00:00] / make: *** [build] 错误 1 [root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# ./ct-ng build [INFO ] Performing some trivial sanity checks [INFO ] Build started 20180126.203753 [INFO ] Building environment variables [EXTRA] Preparing working directories [ERROR] Static linking impossible on the host system 'x86_64-build_unknown-linux-gnu' [00:01] / make: *** [build] 错误 1 [root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# ll /opt/x-tools/arm920t/ 总用量 8 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 1月 26 20:37 arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 1月 26 20:37 lib lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 3 1月 26 20:37 lib32 -> lib lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 3 1月 26 20:37 lib64 -> lib [root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# ^C

以上错误指示缺少一个链接错误要下载相应的库，我在网上查到应该下载glibc*库，也不具体。

>>yum install glibc*

[root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# yum install glibc* 已加载插件：fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security 设置安装进程 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn * updates: centos.ustc.edu.cn 解决依赖关系 --> 执行事务检查

>>./ct-ng build

[root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# ./ct-ng build [INFO ] Performing some trivial sanity checks [INFO ] Build started 20180126.205605 [INFO ] Building environment variables [EXTRA] Preparing working directories [EXTRA] Installing user-supplied crosstool-NG configuration [EXTRA] ================================================================= [EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration [EXTRA] Building a toolchain for: [EXTRA] build = x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu [EXTRA] host = x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu [EXTRA] target = arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi [EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration: done in 0.41s (at 00:06) [INFO ] ================================================================= [INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs [EXTRA] Retrieving 'linux-3.5' [ERROR] [ERROR] >> [ERROR] >> Build failed in step 'Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs' [ERROR] >> called in step '(top-level)' [ERROR] >> [ERROR] >> Error happened in: do_kernel_get[scripts/build/kernel/linux.sh@592] [ERROR] >> called from: main[scripts/crosstool-NG.sh@528] [ERROR] >> [ERROR] >> For more info on this error, look at the file: 'build.log' [ERROR] >> There is a list of known issues, some with workarounds, in: [ERROR] >> 'share/doc/crosstool-ng/ct-ng.1.16.0/B - Known issues.txt' [ERROR] [ERROR] (elapsed: 0:07.22) [00:08] / make: *** [build] 错误 1

下载相应库到tarballs下，即binutils-2.20.1a.tar.bz2 gcc-4.4.6.tar.bz2 glibc-ports-2.9.tar.bz2 linux-3.5.tar.bz2 ppl-0.10.2.tar.gzcloog-ppl-0.15.9.tar.gz glibc-2.9.tar.bz2 gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2 mpfr-2.4.2.tar.xz

最好用电脑下载，然后传到secure-CRT下

[ligang@localhost tarballs]$ rz rz waiting to receive. Starting zmodem transfer. Press Ctrl+C to cancel. Transferring linux-3.5.tar.gz... 100% 99904 KB 4541 KB/s 00:00:22 0 Errors ?[ligang@localhost tarballs]$ ls binutils-2.20.1a.tar.bz2 gcc-4.4.6.tar.bz2 glibc-ports-2.9.tar.bz2 linux-3.0.tar.bz2 ppl-0.10.2.tar.gz cloog-ppl-0.15.9.tar.gz glibc-2.9.tar.bz2 gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2 linux-3.5.1.tar.bz2 mpfr-2.4.2.tar.xz

但此时我犯了一个极大错误，就是没有找到linux-3.5.tar.bz2，只看到了linux-3.5.x.tar.bz2版本的，就轻易下了一个linux-3.5.1.tar.bz2的，认为两者一致，并且还尝试了3.0的，

浪费了很多时间，没想到linux-3.5.tar.bz2就再下面，但是没有XX.bz2的，然后就下了XX.gz版本的。其实前面配置菜单Operating System-->Target OS-->Linux Kernel versinon选择是是3.5版本的

ligang@localhost tarballs]$ ls binutils-2.20.1a.tar.bz2 gcc-4.4.6.tar.bz2 glibc-ports-2.9.tar.bz2 linux-3.0.tar.bz2 linux-3.5.tar.gz ppl-0.10.2.tar.gz cloog-ppl-0.15.9.tar.gz glibc-2.9.tar.bz2 gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2 linux-3.5.1.tar.bz2 mpfr-2.4.2.tar.xz [ligang@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]$ su 密码： [root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# ./ct-ng build [INFO ] Performing some trivial sanity checks [INFO ] Build started 20180126.221210 [INFO ] Building environment variables [EXTRA] Preparing working directories [EXTRA] Installing user-supplied crosstool-NG configuration [EXTRA] ================================================================= [EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration [EXTRA] Building a toolchain for: [EXTRA] build = x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu [EXTRA] host = x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu [EXTRA] target = arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi [EXTRA] Dumping internal crosstool-NG configuration: done in 0.06s (at 00:01) [INFO ] ================================================================= [INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs [INFO ] Retrieving needed toolchain components' tarballs: done in 0.22s (at 00:02) [INFO ] ================================================================= [INFO ] Extracting and patching toolchain components [EXTRA] Extracting 'linux-3.5' [EXTRA] Patching 'linux-3.5' [EXTRA] Extracting 'gmp-4.3.2' [EXTRA] Patching 'gmp-4.3.2' 。。。 [INFO ] Stripping all toolchain executables [EXTRA] Installing the populate helper [EXTRA] Installing a cross-ldd helper [EXTRA] Creating toolchain aliases [EXTRA] Removing access to the build system tools [EXTRA] Removing installed documentation [INFO ] Cleaning-up the toolchain's directory: done in 3.45s (at 33:49) [INFO ] Build completed at 20180126.224559 [INFO ] (elapsed: 33:49.21) [INFO ] Finishing installation (may take a few seconds)... [33:49] /

测试

>>/opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi-gcc -v

[root@localhost crosstool-ng-1.16.0]# /opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi-gcc -v Using built-in specs. Target: arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi Configured with: /home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/src/gcc-4.4.6/configure --build=x86_64-build_unknown-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_unknown-linux-gnu --target=arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/opt/x-tools/arm920t --with-sysroot=/opt/x-tools/arm920t/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/sysroot --enable-languages=c, c++ --with-arch=armv4t --with-cpu=arm9tdmi --with-tune=arm920t --with-float=soft --with-pkgversion='crosstool-NG 1.16.0' --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libmudflap --disable-libgomp --disable-libssp --with-gmp=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/ .build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-mpfr=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-ppl=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-cloog=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' --enable-threads=posix --enable-target-optspace --disable-nls --disable-multilib --with-local-prefix=/opt/x-tools/arm920t/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/sysroot --enable-c99 --enable-long-long Thread model: posix gcc version 4.4.6 (crosstool-NG 1.16.0

>>/opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi-gcc hello.c -o hello 动态编译c代码

>>/opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-arm920t-linuxgnueabi-gcc hello.c -o hello -static 静态编译c代码，然后编译后文件明显变大

[ligang@localhost ~]$ file hello.c hello.c: UTF-8 Unicode text [ligang@localhost ~]$ /opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi-gcc hello.c -o hello [ligang@localhost ~]$ file hello hello: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 3.5.0, not stripped [ligang@localhost ~]$ du -sh hello 8.0K hello

>>cd /opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/

>>vim symlink.sh 创建 arm-linux-* 符号链接文件 shell 脚本

>>/opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-linux-gcc -v 测试

[ligang@localhost bin]$ su 密码： [root@localhost bin]# vim symlink.sh ln -s $file $sym_file #!/bin/bash for file in `ls arm-*-gnueabi-*` ; do sym_file=arm-linux-`echo $file | awk -F '-' '{print $NF}'` ln -s $file $sym_file done [root@localhost bin]# bash symlink.sh [root@localhost bin]# su ligang [ligang@localhost bin]$ /opt/x-tools/arm920t/bin/arm-linux-gcc -v Using built-in specs. Target: arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi Configured with: /home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/src/gcc-4.4.6/configure --build=x86_64-build_unknown-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_unknown-linux-gnu --target=arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi --prefix=/opt/x-tools/arm920t --with-sysroot=/opt/x-tools/arm920t/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/sysroot --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-arch=armv4t --with-cpu=arm9tdmi --with-tune=arm920t --with-float=soft --with-pkgversion='crosstool-NG 1.16.0' --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libmudflap --disable-libgomp --disable-libssp --with-gmp=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-mpfr=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-ppl=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-cloog=/home/ligang/crosstool/crosstool-ng-1.16.0/.build/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/buildtools --with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' --enable-threads=posix --enable-target-optspace --disable-nls --disable-multilib --with-local-prefix=/opt/x-tools/arm920t/arm-arm920t-linux-gnueabi/sysroot --enable-c99 --enable-long-long Thread model: posix gcc version 4.4.6 (crosstool-NG 1.16.0

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